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MRTG µÄÊä³öÎļþ¼Ð¡£ÄÚÓÐͼƬºÍÖîÈç 12.34.56.78_12.34.56.78.log µÄlogÎļþ¡£

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ÒÔÏÂÊÇʹÓà tar µÄ½Å±¾£¬È¥µôÁ˶àÓàµÄ˵Ã÷²¿·Ö¡£ ÄúÒ²¿ÉÒÔµã»÷ÕâÀïÏÂÔز¢ÐÞ¸ÄÒÔÊʺÏ×Ô¼ºµÄϵͳ¡£Ôڽű¾ÖÐÎÒ¾¡Á¿Óøü¶àµÄ·½·¨À´½øÐб¸·Ý¡£ÔÚʵ¼ÊÓ¦ÓÃÖпÉÒÔ½«²½Öè¸ü¼Ó¼ò»¯¡£¸ü¶à¹ØÓÚ tar µÄ²ÎÊýÇë¿´ man tar #!/bin/sh

# Date format: 20040626DATE=`date -d yesterday +%Y%m%d`

# MySQL version & DirectoryMYSQL_VERSION="4.x.x"MYSQL_DIR="/usr/local/mysql/data"

# MT Blog directoryMTBLOG_DIR="/path-to-mt/db/"

# Backup directory & Backup FilelistBACKUP_DIR="/path-to-backup/backupfile"BACKUP_FILELIST="/path-to-backup/filelist"

# Backup MySQL printf "Backup MySQL data directory, please wait...\n"tar -zpcvPf $BACKUP_DIR/mysql-standard-$MYSQL_VERSION-data-$DATE.tgz $MYSQL_DIR grep "tar:"printf "Done! The new backup file is: $BACKUP_DIR/mysql-standard-$MYSQL_VERSION-data-$DATE.tgz\n\n"

# Backup MT Blogprintf "Backuping the MT3.0 Weblog data directory, please wait...\n"tar -zpcvPf $BACKUP_DIR/MT-db-$DATE.tgz $MTBLOG_DIR grep "tar:"printf "Done! The new backup file is: $BACKUP_DIR/MT-db-$DATE.tgz\n"

ÕâÀïÒýÓÃÁË¡ºLinux ±¸·ÝÓë»Ö¸´ËÙ³ÉÖ¸ÄÏ¡»ÖеÄÒ»¸öС¼¼ÇÉ£¬½«ÎļþÁбíдÈëÒ»¸öÎļþ½øÐвÙ×÷¡£²é¿´ÎÒµÄFilelist¡£

ÒÔÏÂÊÇÒ»¸öÎļþÁбíµÄÀý×Ó£º /etc/var/home/usr/local/opt (ÓÐʱ»áÊÇ¿ÕĿ¼)ÒÔϽâÊÍÒý×Ô¡ºLinux ±¸·ÝÓë»Ö¸´ËÙ³ÉÖ¸ÄÏ¡»£º

Çë×¢Òâ tar -T£¨»ò files-from£©ÃüÁî²»ÄܽÓÊÜͨÅä·û¡£Îļþ±ØÐëÃ÷È·µØÁгö¡£ÉÏÃæµÄÀý×ÓչʾÁËÒ»ÖÖµ¥¶ÀµØÒýÓÃÎļþµÄ·½·¨¡£Äú»¹¿ÉÒÔÖ´Ðнű¾À´ËÑË÷ϵͳ£¬È»ºó½¨Á¢Ò»¸öÁÐ±í¡£ÏÂÃæ¾ÍÊÇÕâÑùÒ»¸ö½Å±¾µÄÀý×Ó£º #!/bin/shcat MyFiles > TempListfind /usr/share -iname *.png >> TempListfind /tmp -iname *.iso >> TempListtar -cpzMf /path-to-backup/backupfile -T TempList ÉÏÃæµÄ½Å±¾Ê×ÏȽ« MyFiles ÖеÄËùÓÐÏÖÓÐÎļþÁÐ±í¸´ÖƵ½ TempList¡£È»ºóËüÖ´ÐÐÁ½¸ö find ÃüÁîÀ´ËÑË÷ÎļþϵͳÖÐÆ¥Åäij¸öģʽµÄÎļþ£¬²¢½«ËüÃǸ½¼Óµ½ TempList¡£µÚÒ»´ÎÊÇËÑË÷ /usr/share Ŀ¼Ê÷ÖÐÒÔ .png ½áβµÄËùÓÐÎļþ¡£µÚ¶þ´ÎÊÇËÑË÷ /tmp Ŀ¼Ê÷ÖÐÒÔ .iso ½áβµÄËùÓÐÎļþ¡£ÔÚ½¨Á¢ºÃÁбíÖ®ºó£¬tar È»ºóÔÚÎļþÉ豸 /dev/st0 £¨µÚÒ»¸ö SCSI ´Å´øÉ豸£©ÉÏ´´½¨ Ò»¸öеĹ鵵Îļþ£¬¸ÃÎļþʹÓà gzip ¸ñʽÀ´Ñ¹Ëõ£¬²¢±£ÁôËùÓÐÎļþȨÏÞ¡£¸Ã¹éµµÎļþ½«¿çÔ½¶à¸ö¾í¡£Òª¹éµµµÄÎļþµÄÃû³Æ½«´Ó TempList ÎļþÖÐÌáÈ¡¡£

ËÄ¡¢ÊÊÓÃÓÚ log ºÍÊý¾Ý¿âµÄÔöÁ¿±¸·Ý(incremental backup)¡£

¶ÔÓÚÅÓ´óµÄ log »òÕß Êý¾Ý¿âÎļþ£¬Ã¿Ìì½øÐÐÍêÈ«±¸·ÝËƺõ²»ÊǺÜÄܺÏÀí¸ßЧµØʵÏÖ±¸·Ý¹¤×÷¡£ËùÒÔÔڽ϶̵Äʱ¼äÖÜÆÚÄÚ£¬ÊÊÓÃÔöÁ¿±¸·Ý(incremental backup)»áÊÇÒ»¸ö²»´íµÄÑ¡Ôñ¡£

tar ²¢²»ÊÇ×îºÃµÄÔöÁ¿±¸·Ý¹¤¾ß

tar ²¢²»ÊÇ×îºÃµÄÔöÁ¿±¸·ÝµÄ¹¤¾ß£¬µ«ÊÇËüÒ²¿ÉÒÔʵÏÖÔöÁ¿±¸·Ý¡£²ÎÕÕ ¡ºThe tar backup program¡»ÖеĽű¾¿ÉÒÔʵÏÖÕâ¸ö²Ù×÷¡£

¼òµ¥µØ½éÉÜÒ»ÏÂÆäÔ­Àí£ºÊ×ÏÈ£¬ÖÆ×÷Ò»¸öÍêÈ«±¸·ÝµÄʱ¼äµãÎļþ£¬ÀýÈç "full-date"¡£ÆäÖÐдÈëij´ÎÍêÈ«±¸·ÝµÄʱ¼äµã£¬ÀýÈç echo $NOW > full-date¡£ È»ºóÔÚ×Ô¶¨µÄʱ¼äÑ­»·ÆÚÄÚ£¨ÀýÈçÒ»ÖÜ£©£¬Ã¿´ÎºÍÍêÈ«±¸·Ýʱ¼äµã(full-date)¶Ô±Èºó½øÐÐÔöÁ¿±¸·Ý¡£ ÆäÖÐ×î¹Ø¼üµÄÒ»¸öÓï¾ä¾ÍÊÇ£º tar --newer $full-date -zcpf $BACKUPDIR/$BACKUPFILE-$NOW.tgz $DIRECTOIES

Æä½á¹û¾ÍÊÇ£¬ÔÚÒ»ÖÜÖлá²úÉú 6 ¸ö¶ÀÁ¢Îļþ£¬ÆäÄÚÈÝÊÇÇ°Ò»ÌìÄÚÐÂÔöµÄÄÚÈÝ¡£ÒÔÏÂÊÇÒ»¸öÀý×Ó£º

[root@deep] /# ls -l /backups/


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total 22217-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 10731288 Feb 7 11:24 deep-01Feb.tar << ÿÔÂÔ³õÒ»´ÎÍêÈ«±¸·Ý-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 6879 Feb 7 11:24 deep-Fri.tar << ÿÌìµÄÔöÁ¿±¸·Ý-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2831 Feb 7 11:24 deep-Mon.tar-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 7924 Feb 7 11:25 deep-Sat.tar-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 11923013 Feb 7 11:24 deep-Sun.tar << ÿÖÜÒ»´ÎÍêÈ«±¸·Ý-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 5643 Feb 7 11:25 deep-Thu.tar-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3152 Feb 7 11:25 deep-Tue.tar-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4567 Feb 7 11:25 deep-Wed.tardrwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 Feb 7 11:20 last-full

tar Öм¸¸ö¿ª¹ØµÄ¼ò½é£º

The c option specifies that an archive file is begin created. The p option preserves permissions; file protection information will be remembered. The N or newer option does an incremental backup and only stores files newer than DATE. The f option states that the very next argument will be the name of the archive file or device being written. The z option specifies that an gzip file will be created. The u option can APPEND more files to a tarball file.×¢Ò⣺-u ¿ª¹Ø²¢²»ÊÇÔöÁ¿±¸·Ý£¬¶øÊÇÍùÔ­ÓÐµÄ tar °üÀïÃæÌí¼ÓеÄÎļþ¡£

fbackup is a better choice

ÔÚ HP µÄÂÛ̳ÉÏ£¬ÓйØÓÚÔöÁ¿±¸·ÝµÄÌÖÂÛ£­£­¡°Incremental "tar" Backup in HP-Ux¡±¡£µ«ÊÇÒòΪÎÒ²»ÊÇ HP µÄϵͳ£¬tar ÒѾ­¿ÉÒÔÂú×ãÏÖÓеı¸·ÝÐèÇó¡£

Î塢ʹÓà ssh ʵÏÖ°²È«ÍøÂçÔ¶³Ì±¸·Ý¡£[ºÜ±§Ç¸£¬´Ë¶Î±ÊÕßûÓÐÊÔÑé»·¾³£¬ÏÖÔÚÖ®ÄÜÌí¼Ó¼¸Æª¹ØÓÚ ssh Ô¶³Ì´«Ë͵ÄÎÄÕ¡£µÈµ½¾­¹ýÊÔÑéºó£¬ÎÒ»áÌí¼Ó¾ßÌåÄÚÈÝ¡£]

33.8. Backing up and restoring over the network ÇáËɽøÐÐ×ÔÖ÷µÄ¡¢°²È«µÄ¡¢·Ö²¼Ê½ÍøÂ籸·Ý

Áù¡¢¸öÈËʹÓÃµÄ e-mail ¼òµ¥±¸·Ý¡£

ÓÉÓÚ Yahoo!¡¢Google¡¢Hotmail Ïà¼ÌÍƳöÁË 1-2G µÄÓÊÏ䣬Òò´Ë¿ÉÊÇÊÔ×ÅʹÓôøÓÐÎļþ¸½¼þµÄ E-mail À´´«ÊäСÓÚ¸÷¸öÓÊÏäµÄµ¥·âÐżþÉÏÏÞ´óСµÄÎļþ¡£ ¾ßÌåÐèÒªÓõ½Ò»Ð©ÖîÈç uudecode µÄÃüÁËùÒÔÐèÒªÏÈ°²×°Ò»¸ö Sharutils ¡£ ÎÒÔÚ±àÒëÖÐÓöµ½Ò»Ð©¼òµ¥µÄ´íÎó,ÕâÀïÊÇÎÒÐ޸ĹýµÄ Sharutils¡£

ÔÚÃüÁîÐÐÏ·¢ËÍ´ø¸½¼þµÄÓʼþʱ£¬»¹Êǽ¨ÒéʹÓÃÖîÈç MUTT µÄ MUA£¬Çë²é¿´ÎÒµÄ MUTT µÄ°²×°Ê§°Ü¾­Àú£¬Ò²Ðí¶ÔÐÂ×°µÄÓû§ÓÐËù°ïÖú¡£

°²×°Íê±Ïºó£¬¿ÉÒÔʹÓà Mutt µÄÃüÁîÐÐÒ»Ðнâ¾öÎÊÌâ¡£Ê×ÏÈÏÈдһ¸öÓʼþÎı¾ mailcontent.txt¡£ # cat mailcontent.txt mutt -s "mailtitle" -a attachfile1 mail@address

½áºÏÉÏÃæµÄ shell ½Å±¾£¬Èç¹ûÄãÓÐÆóÒµ¼¶ÓÊÏäµÄ»°£¬²»·ÁÒ²ÊÔÊÔÕâÖÖ·½·¨¡£½ö¹©²Î¿¼¡£

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¡ºWindows µ½ Linux Ö®ÂãºµÚ 8 ²¿·Ö. ±¸·ÝÓë»Ö¸´ Ö® Linux ±¸·ÝÓë»Ö¸´ËÙ³ÉÖ¸ÄÏ¡»

¡ºÔÚ Linux ÉϽøÐÐ×Ô¶¯±¸·Ý£­£­ÇáËɽøÐÐ×ÔÖ÷µÄ¡¢°²È«µÄ¡¢·Ö²¼Ê½ÍøÂ籸·Ý¡»

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W. Curtis Preston (2003)¡¶Unix Backup & Recovery¡·

¡ºFilesystem Hierarchy Standard¡»

¡ºRed Hat Linux Overview of File System Hierarchy Standard (FHS)¡»

¡¶Securing and Optimizing Linux - A Hands on Guide (Red Hat Edition)¡· Ò»ÊéµÄ µÚ 7 Õ¡°±¸·ÝºÍ»¹Ô­¡±ÊÇÁíÒ»·Ý²»´íµÄÖ¸ÄÏ£¬ÆäÖаüÀ¨Ò»¸ö½Å±¾£¬ÓÃÓÚÖ´ÐлùÓÚ tar µÄÔöÁ¿±¸·Ý(incremental backup)¡£

Useful Links:

http://www.linux-backup.net/ Sharutils

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¡¶Securing and Optimizing Linux - A Hands on Guide (Red Hat Edition)¡· Ò»ÊéµÄ µÚ 7 Õ¡°±¸·ÝºÍ»¹Ô­¡±ÊÇÁíÒ»·Ý²»´íµÄÖ¸ÄÏ£¬ÆäÖаüÀ¨Ò»¸ö½Å±¾£¬ÓÃÓÚÖ´ÐлùÓÚ tar µÄÔöÁ¿±¸·Ý(incremental backup)¡£

Useful Links:

http://www.linux-backup.net/ Sharutils

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