µ±Ç°Î»ÖãºLinux½Ì³Ì - Linux×ÛºÏ - ·À»ðǽ Linux Êý¾Ý°ü²¶»ñÄ£¿é°ü¹ýÂË

·À»ðǽ Linux Êý¾Ý°ü²¶»ñÄ£¿é°ü¹ýÂË

¡¡¡¡Ò»¡¢·À»ðǽ¸ÅÊö¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ÍøÂç·À»ðǽ¼¼ÊõÊÇÒ»ÖÖÓÃÀ´¼ÓÇ¿ÍøÂçÖ®¼ä·ÃÎÊ¿ØÖÆ£¬·ÀÖ¹ÍⲿÍøÂçÓû§ÒÔ·Ç·¨ÊÖ¶Îͨ¹ýÍⲿÍøÂç½øÈëÄÚ²¿ÍøÂ磬·ÃÎÊÄÚ²¿ÍøÂç×ÊÔ´£¬±£»¤ÄÚ²¿ÍøÂç²Ù×÷»·¾³µÄÌØÊâÍø Â绥ÁªÉ豸¡£Ëü¶ÔÁ½¸ö»ò¶à¸öÍøÂçÖ®¼ä´«ÊäµÄÊý¾Ý°ü°´ÕÕÒ»¶¨µÄ°²È«²ßÂÔÀ´ÊµÊ©¼ì²é£¬ÒÔ¾ö¶¨ÍøÂçÖ®¼äµÄͨÐÅÊÇ·ñ±»ÔÊÐí£¬²¢¼àÊÓÍøÂçÔËÐÐ״̬¡£ª¥¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¸ù¾Ý·À»ðǽËù²ÉÓõļ¼Êõ²»Í¬£¬¿ÉÒÔ½«Ëü·ÖΪËÄÖÖ»ù±¾ÀàÐÍ£º°ü¹ýÂËÐÍ¡¢ÍøÂçµØַת»»¡ªNAT¡¢´úÀíÐͺͼà²âÐÍ¡£°ü¹ýÂËÐͲúÆ·ÊÇ·À»ðǽµÄ³õ¼¶²úÆ·£¬Æä¼¼ÊõÒÀ¾Ý ÊÇÍøÂçÖеķְü´«Êä¼¼Êõ¡£°ü¹ýÂ˼¼ÊõµÄÓŵãÊǼòµ¥ÊµÓã¬ÊµÏֳɱ¾½ÏµÍ£¬ÔÚÓ¦Óû·¾³±È½Ï¼òµ¥µÄÇé¿öÏ£¬Äܹ»ÒÔ½ÏСµÄ´ú¼ÛÔÚÒ»¶¨³Ì¶ÈÉϱ£Ö¤ÏµÍ³µÄ°²È«¡£ÍøÂçµØ ַת»»ÊÇÒ»ÖÖÓÃÓÚ°ÑIPµØַת»»³ÉÁÙʱµÄ¡¢ÍⲿµÄ¡¢×¢²áµÄIPµØÖ·±ê×¼¡£ËüÔÊÐí¾ßÓÐ˽ÓÐIPµØÖ·µÄÄÚ²¿ÍøÂç·ÃÎÊÒòÌØÍø¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡´úÀíÐÍ·À»ðǽҲ¿ÉÒÔ±»³ÆΪ´úÀí·þÎñÆ÷£¬ËüµÄ°²È«ÐÔÒª¸ßÓÚ°ü¹ýÂËÐͲúÆ·£¬²¢ÒѾ­¿ªÊ¼ÏòÓ¦Óò㷢չ¡£´úÀíÐÍ·À»ðǽµÄÓŵãÊÇ°²È«ÐԽϸߣ¬¿ÉÒÔÕë¶ÔÓ¦Óòã½øÐÐÕì²â ºÍɨÃ裬¶Ô¸¶»ùÓÚÓ¦ÓòãµÄÇÖÈëºÍ²¡¶¾¶¼Ê®·ÖÓÐЧ¡£ÆäȱµãÊǶÔϵͳµÄÕûÌåÐÔÄÜÓнϴóµÄÓ°Ï죬¶øÇÒ´úÀí·þÎñÆ÷±ØÐëÕë¶Ô¿Í»§»ú¿ÉÄܲúÉúµÄËùÓÐÓ¦ÓÃÀàÐÍÖðÒ»½øÐÐÉè Ö㬴ó´óÔö¼ÓÁËϵͳ¹ÜÀíµÄ¸´ÔÓÐÔ¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¼à²âÐÍ·À»ðǽÊÇÐÂÒ»´úµÄ²úÆ·£¬Äܹ»¶Ô¸÷²ãµÄÊý¾Ý½øÐÐÖ÷¶¯µÄ¡¢ÊµÊ±µÄ¼à²â£¬ÔÚ¶ÔÕâЩÊý¾Ý¼ÓÒÔ·ÖÎöµÄ»ù´¡ÉÏ£¬¼à²âÐÍ·À»ðǽÄܹ»ÓÐЧµØÅжϳö¸÷²ãÖеķǷ¨ÇÖÈë¡£ ͬʱ,ÕâÖÖ¼ì²âÐÍ·À»ðǽ²úÆ·Ò»°ã»¹´øÓзֲ¼Ê½Ì½²âÆ÷£¬ÕâЩ̽²âÆ÷°²ÖÃÔÚ¸÷ÖÖÓ¦Ó÷þÎñÆ÷ºÍÆäËûÍøÂçµÄ½ÚµãÖ®ÖУ¬²»½öÄܹ»¼ì²âÀ´×ÔÍøÂçÍⲿµÄ¹¥»÷£¬Í¬Ê±¶ÔÀ´×Ô ÄÚ²¿µÄ¶ñÒâÆÆ»µÒ²Óм«Ç¿µÄ·À·¶×÷Ó᣼à²âÐÍ·À»ðǽÔÚ°²È«ÐÔÉÏÒѳ¬Ô½ÁË°ü¹ýÂËÐͺʹúÀí·þÎñÆ÷ÐÍ·À»ðǽ£¬µ«ÆäʵÏֳɱ¾½Ï¸ß¡£»ùÓÚ¶Ôϵͳ³É±¾Ó밲ȫ¼¼Êõ³É±¾µÄ×Û ºÏ¿¼ÂÇ£¬Óû§¿ÉÒÔÑ¡ÔñÐÔµØʹÓÃijЩ¼à²âÐͼ¼Êõ¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¶þ¡¢»ùÓÚLinux¸öÈË·À»ðǽ×ÜÌåÉè¼Æ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡±¾ÎÄÑо¿µÄÊÇ·À»ðǽϵͳµÄÈíÓ²¼þ»·¾³ÒÔ¼°¸Ã·À»ðǽµÄ¿ª·¢²½ÖèºÍËùҪʵÏֵŦÄÜ£¬×îºóÖصã¶Ô¸Ã·À»ðǽϵͳËùÐèÒªµÄÓ²¼þºÍÈí¼þƽ̨ԭÀí½øÐÐ˵Ã÷¡£¾¡¹ÜËùÓÐLinuxϵͳ¶¼×Ô´ø·À»ðǽÄں˳ÌÐò£¬µ«ÐèÒªÓû§½øÐÐÅäÖòÅÄÜÆðµ½±£»¤ÍøÂ簲ȫµÄÄ¿µÄ¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1¡¢·À»ðǽϵͳ×ÜÌåÉè¼Æ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡LinuxϵͳÏÂʵÏÖÈí¼þ·À»ðǽµÄÉè¼ÆÓëÓ¦Óã¬ÊµÖÊÉϾÍÊÇ»ùÓÚÖ÷»úµÄÍøÂ簲ȫ½â¾ö·½°¸¡£Òò´Ë£¬ÎÒÃÇÍêÈ«¿ÉÒÔÑ¡ÔñºÏÊʵÄÈíÓ²¼þƽ̨ºÍÏàÓ¦µÄ·À»ðǽÉè¼ÆÔ­Àí£¬×Ô¼º¿ª·¢³öÒ»Ì×Äܹ»Âú×ãÒªÇóµÄ·À»ðǽϵͳ¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¹éÄÉÆðÀ´ÕâÀïҪʵÏֵķÀ»ðǽÐèÒªÂú×ãÁ½´óÒªÇ󣺵ÚÒ»£¬±ØÐëÄܹ»¶ÔÖ÷»úÌṩ°²È«±£»¤£¬¼´¶ÔÖ÷»úÓë¾ÖÓòÍøÒÔÍâµÄÖ÷»ú½øÐÐÊý¾Ý´«Êäʱʵʩ°²È«±£»¤£»µÚ¶þ£¬±ØÐëÄܹ»ÌṩÁ¼ºÃµÄÈË»ú½Ó¿Ú½çÃ棬¾ßÓÐÈÝÒײÙ×÷¡¢ÈÝÒ×¹ÜÀíµÄÓŵ㡣¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¿¼Âǵ½ÏÖÓÐÓ²¼þÉ豸µÄÏÞÖÆ£¬ÔÚ±£Ö¤Âú×ãʵÑéÒªÇóµÄ»·¾³Ï¾¡¿ÉÄܵؼò»¯ÁËʵÑé»·¾³¡£ÒòΪ¸Ã·À»ðǽϵͳÊÇ»ùÓÚÖ÷»úÉè¼ÆµÄ£¬¹ÊÖ»ÐèÒªÒ»¸öÁªÍøµÄÖ÷»ú¼´¿É½øÐÐʵ Ñé¡£¸ÃϵͳÊÇÔÚLinux»·¾³ÏÂÓÃCÓïÑÔʵÏÖ°ü¹ýÂËÐÍÈí¼þ·À»ðǽµÄÉè¼ÆÓëÓ¦Ó㬲ÉÓÃKylix¿ª·¢¹¤¾ß½øÐнçÃæÉè¼ÆºÍÊý¾Ý¿âÁ¬½Ó¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡»ùÓÚLinuxµÄ¸öÈË·À»ðǽϵͳÖ÷Òª¾ßÓÐÒÔϹ¦ÄÜ£º¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨1£©È«³Ì¶¯Ì¬°ü¹ýÂË¡¡±¾·À»ðǽҪÔÚLinuxÏÂʵÏÖÈ«³Ì¶¯Ì¬°ü¹ýÂ˹¦ÄÜ£¬Í¨¹ý·ÖÎöÊý¾Ý°üµÄµØÖ·¡¢Ð­Òé¡¢¶Ë¿Ú¶ÔÈκÎÍøÂçÁ¬½Óµ±Ç°×´Ì¬½øÐзÃÎÊ¿ØÖÆ£¬´Ó¶øÌá¸ßϵͳµÄÐÔÄܺͰ²È«ÐÔ¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨2£©ÌṩÈÕÖ¾Éó¼Æ¡¡±¾·À»ðǽÅ䱸ÁËÈÕÖ¾¼Ç¼ϵͳºÍ²éѯ¹¤¾ß£¬ÓÃÓڼǼϵͳ¹ÜÀí¡¢ÏµÍ³·ÃÎʼ°Õë¶Ô°²È«²ßÂÔµÄÍøÂç·ÃÎÊÇé¿ö¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨3£©·À»ðǽÊý¾Ý¿âµÄ±¸·Ý¡¡±¾·À»ðǽÖÆ×÷·À»ðǽ¹ýÂËÊý¾Ý¿â£¬²¢ÇÒ¹ÜÀíÔ±¿ÉÒÔÄܶ¯µØ¶Ô¸ÃÊý¾Ý¿â½øÐÐÉèÖᣡ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Èý¡¢»ùÓÚLinuxµÄÊý¾Ý°ü²¶»ñÄ£¿é½á¹¹ÓëÔ­Àí·ÖÎö¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡±¾½Ú¾Í¼à¿Ø²ãÊý¾Ý°ü²¶»ñÄ£¿éµÄ½á¹¹ÌØÐÔ½øÐÐ̽ÌÖ£¬²¢ÏêϸÂÛÊöÆäÔ­Àí£¬ÇÒ¶ÔʵÏÖÊý¾Ý°ü²¶»ñ¹¦ÄܵijÌÐòµÄһЩÖØÒªº¯Êý½øÐÐ˵Ã÷¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1¡¢Êý¾Ý°ü²¶»ñÄ£¿é½á¹¹¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Êý¾Ý°ü²¶»ñÄ£¿éÓÃÓÚ¼àÊÓºÍÑéÖ¤ÍøÂçÁ÷Á¿Çé¿ö£¬Ëü¿ÉÒÔ½ØÈ¡»òÕßÔĶÁÍøÂçÉÏOSIЭÒéÄ£ÐÍÖи÷¸öЭÒé²ã´ÎÉϵÄÊý¾Ý°ü¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡±¾ÎÄËùÉè¼ÆµÄÊý¾Ý°ü²¶»ñ³ÌÐò¿ÉÒÔ²¶»ñͨ¹ýԭʼÌ×½Ó¿Ú(Socket)µÄԭʼÊý¾Ý°ü(Raw Packet)£¬µ±Ò»¸öÊý¾Ý°üµ½´ïÍøÂç½Ó¿Úʱ£¬Êý¾Ý°ü²¶»ñ³ÌÐò¾ÍÖ±½Ó´Ó»º´æÇø¶ÁÈ¡²¶»ñµÄÊý¾Ý°ü£¬ÒÔ¹©Êý¾Ý·ÖÎöºÍ´¦Àíʱµ÷Óá£Êý¾Ý²¶»ñÄ£¿éµÄ½á¹¹Èçͼ1Ëùʾ£º¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Í¼1¡¡Êý¾Ý²¶»ñ³ÌÐò½á¹¹Í¼¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡2¡¢Êý¾Ý°ü²¶»ñÄ£¿éÔ­Àí·ÖÎö¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨1£©Íø¿¨ÉèÖÃÔ­Àí¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ÔÚÒ»¸öʵ¼ÊµÄϵͳÖУ¬Êý¾ÝµÄÊÕ·¢ÊÇÓÉÍø¿¨À´Íê³ÉµÄ£¬Íø¿¨½ÓÊÕµ½´«ÊäÀ´µÄÊý¾Ý£¬Íø¿¨ÄڵijÌÐò½ÓÊÕÊý¾ÝÖ¡µÄÄ¿µÄMACµØÖ·£¬¸ù¾Ý¼ÆËã»úÉϵÄÍø¿¨Çý¶¯³ÌÐòÉèÖÃµÄ ½ÓÊÕģʽÅжϸò»¸Ã½ÓÊÕ£¬ÈÏΪ²»¸Ã½ÓÊվͶªµô²»¹Ü¡£¶ø¶ÔÓÚÍø¿¨À´ËµÒ»°ãÓÐËÄÖÖ½ÓÊÕģʽ£º¹ã²¥Ä£Ê½×鲥ģʽ¡¢Ö±½Ó·½Ê½¡¢»ìÔÓģʽ¡£Êý¾Ý°ü²¶»ñ³ÌÐòÊ×ÏÈʹÍøÂç ½Ó¿Ú(Íø¿¨)´¦ÓÚ»ìÔÓ״̬£¬´Ó¶ø¿É½Ø»ñÍøÂçÉϵÄÄÚÈÝ£¬²¢ÇÒͨ¹ýÏàÓ¦µÄÈí¼þ´¦Àí£¬¿ÉÒÔʵʱ·ÖÎöÕâЩÊý¾ÝµÄÄÚÈÝ£¬ÎªÊý¾Ý°ü¹ýÂË×÷×¼±¸¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨2£©»ù±¾º¯Êý˵Ã÷¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡±¾ÎÄÖÐÔÚLinuxÖ÷»úÉÏÓÃCÓïÑÔ±àдÊý¾Ý°ü²¶»ñ³ÌÐò£¬Ëù±àдµÄ³ÌÐòÖÐÓõ½ºÜ¶àLinuxÖеÄÔ¤¶¨Ò庯Êý£¬Ôڴ˽ڽ«¶ÔÕâЩ»ù±¾º¯ÊýµÄ¹¦ÄܺÍʹÓÃÌصã½øÐÐ˵Ã÷¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1£©ioctlº¯Êý¶¨Òå¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ioctl()º¯Êý·Ç³£ÅÓÔÓ£¬Ëü¿ÉÒÔ¿ØÖƸ÷ÖÖÎļþµÄÊôÐÔ¡£ËüÓÃÓÚ¿ØÖÆÌØÊâÎļþµÄµ×²ãÉ豸²ÎÊý£¬ÕâЩÌØÊâÎļþͨ³£ÊÇÖ¸Öնˡ¢Ì×½Ó×ֺͽӿڡ£ioctlº¯ÊýÔ­ÐÍΪ£º¡¡¡¡int ioctl(int handle,int cmd[,int *argdx,int argcx])£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡2£©socketº¯Êý¶¨Òå¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡³£ÓõÄSocketÀàÐÍÓÐÁ½ÖÖ£ºÁ÷ʽSocket(SOCK_STREAM)ºÍÊý¾Ý°üʽSocket (SOCK_DGRAM)¡£Á÷ʽÊÇÒ»ÖÖÃæÏòÁ¬½ÓµÄSocket£¬Õë¶ÔÃæÏòÁ¬½ÓµÄTCP·þÎñÓ¦Óã»Êý¾Ý±¨Ê½SocketÊÇÒ»ÖÖÎÞÁ¬½ÓµÄSocket£¬Õë¶ÔÎÞ Á¬½ÓµÄUDP·þÎñÓ¦Óá£Socketº¯ÊýÔ­ÐÍΪ£º¡¡¡¡int socket(int domain, int type,int protocol)£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡3£©recvfrom()º¯Êý¶¨Òå¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ÓÃrecvfrom()º¯ÊýÀ´ÊµÏÖ½ÓÊÕÊý¾Ý°ü£¬recvfrom()ÊǾ߱¸¡°×èÈûʽI/O¡±ÌØÐԵĺ¯Êý£¬Äܹ»ÔÚûÓÐÊý¾Ý°üµ½´ïµÄÇé¿öÏÂÔÝʱ¹ÒÆðµÈ´ý£¬Ö±ÖÁ½ÓÊÕµ½Êý¾Ý°üºó£¬ÔÙ¼¤»îתÈëÏÂÒ»²½´¦Àí¡£recvfrom()º¯ÊýµÄÔ­ÐÍΪ£º¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡int recvfrom(SOCKET s,char FAR *buf,int len,int flags,strUCt sockaddr FAR *from,int *fromlen)£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡±¾º¯Êý´ÓÒÑÁ¬½ÓÌ×½Ó¿ÚÉϽÓÊÕÊý¾Ý£¬²¢²¶»ñÊý¾Ý·¢ËÍÔ´µÄµØÖ·¡£¶ÔÓÚSOCK_STREAMÀàÐ͵ÄÌ×½Ó¿Ú£¬×î¶à¿ÉÒÔ½ÓÊÕ»º³åÇø´óС¸öÊý¾Ý¡£Èç¹ûÌ×½Ó¿Ú±»ÉèÖÃΪ ÏßÄÚ½ÓÊÕ´øÍâÊý¾Ý(Ñ¡ÏîΪ SO_OOBINLINE)£¬ÇÒÓдøÍâÊý¾Ýδ¶ÁÈ룬Ôò·µ»Ø´øÍâÊý¾Ý¡£Ó¦ÓóÌÐò¿Éͨ¹ýµ÷ÓÃioctlsocket()µÄSOCATMARKÃüÁîÀ´È·¶¨ÊÇ·ñÓÐ ´øÍâÊý¾Ý´ý¶ÁÈë¡£¶ÔÓÚSOCK_STREAMÀàÐÍÌ×½Ó¿Ú£¬ºöÂÔfromºÍfromlen²ÎÊý¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡4£©Ò»Ð©¡°×Ö½Ú˳Ðò¡±×ª»»º¯Êý¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ÒòΪÍøÂçºÍÖ÷»ú²ÉÓõĴ洢×Ö½ÚʱÄÚ´æ˳Ðò°²ÅÅ·½Ê½µÄ²îÒ죬¾Í´æÔÚ¡°×Ö½Ú˳Ðò¡±µÄÎÊÌâ¡£ÔÚÍøÂç»·¾³Ï´洢ʱ£¬¸ßλ×Ö½Ú´æ·ÅÔÚÄÚ´æµÄÆðʼλÖ㬶øµÍ×Ö½ÚÔò´æ·Å ÔڽϸߵÄλÖá£Ö÷»úÐÎʽµÄ´æ·Å˳ÐòÇ¡ºÃÏà·´£¬µÍλ×Ö½Ú´æ·ÅÔÚÄÚ´æµÄÆðʼλÖá£Õâ¾ÍÐèÒªÒÔÏÂÏàÓ¦µÄ×Ö½Ú˳Ðòת»»º¯Êý£º¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡inet_ntoa()£º½«32λµÄÍøÂç¶þ½øÖÆÊýֵת»»Îª¿É¶ÁÊ®½øÖÆÐÎʽµÄ´øµã·Ö¸î·ûµÄIPµØÖ·¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡inet_addr()£º½«´øÓзָî·ûµÄIPµØַת»»Îª32λµÄunsigned longµÄ¸ñʽ¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ntohs()£º½«ÍøÂç×Ö½Ú˳Ðòת»»Îª32λµÄÖ÷»ú×Ö½Ú˳Ðò¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ntohl()£º½«ÍøÂç×Ö½Ú˳Ðòת»»³É16λµÄÖ÷»ú×Ö½Ú˳Ðò¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡htonl()£º½«32λu_longµÄÖµÓÉÖ÷»ú×Ö½Ú˳Ðòת»»ÎªÍøÂç×Ö½Ú˳Ðò¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡htons()£º½«16λu_longµÄÖµÓÉÖ÷»ú×Ö½Ú˳Ðòת»»ÎªÍøÂç×Ö½Ú˳Ðò¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡±¾ÎÄÉè¼ÆµÄÊý¾Ý²¶»ñ³ÌÐòÐèҪʹÓÃSOCK_PACKETÉ豸£¬SOCK_PACKETÖ»ÔÚ»ùÓÚLinuxµÄ²Ù×÷ϵͳÖÐÓÐЧ¶¨Ò塣Ϊ´Ë£¬ÃÀ¹úÂåÂØ×Ȳ®¿ËÀû¹ú ¼ÒʵÑéÊÒ±àдÁËרÓÃÓÚÊý¾Ý°ü½Ø»ñµÄAPIº¯Êý¿â¡°Libpcap¡±¡£¸Ãº¯ÊýµÄÉè¼ÆÄ¿±êÊÇͳһ²»Í¬ÏµÍ³ÉÏËùÌṩµÄÓÃÓÚÊý¾Ý°ü½Ø»ñµÄ²»Í¬ÀàÐͽӿڣ¬²¢Ê¹µÃÀàËÆ µÄ¸ß²ãÓ¦ÓóÌÐòµÄ±àдºÍÒÆÖ²±äµÃ¼òµ¥ÓÐЧ£¬²»ÔÙÐèÒª¶Ôÿһ¸öÓ¦Óö¼Ê¹Óò»Í¬µÄÒÀÀµÓÚ¾ßÌåϵͳµÄÊý¾Ý°ü½Ø»ñÄ£¿é¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ËÄ¡¢»ùÓÚLinuxµÄÊý¾Ý°ü²¶»ñÄ£¿éÉè¼ÆʵÏÖ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1¡¢ Êý¾Ý°ü²¶»ñÄ£¿éÉè¼ÆÁ÷³Ìͼ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ÔÚÊý¾Ý°ü²¶»ñ³ÌÐòÖУ¬Í¨¹ýÉèÖÃÍø¿¨¹¤×÷ÓÚ»ìÔÓ״̬£¬¶ÔÍøÂçÁ´Â·½øÐмàÌý²¢ÊÕ¼¯Êý¾Ý°ü£¬´Ó¶ø»ñµÃÊý¾Ý°üÍ·ÐÅÏ¢¡£ÆäÁ÷³ÌͼÈçͼ2Ëùʾ£º¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Í¼2¡¡Êý¾Ý°ü²¶»ñÄ£¿éÁ÷³Ìͼ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡2¡¢Êý¾Ý°ü²¶»ñÄ£¿éʵÏÖ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¸ÃÊý¾Ý°ü²¶»ñ³ÌÐòÓÃCÓïÑÔÀ´±àд£¬³ÌÐòÖÐÓõ½ºÜ¶àLinuxÍøÂç±à³ÌÖеĺ¯Êý¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨1£©ÉèÖÃÍøÂç½Ó¿ÚΪ»ìÔÓģʽ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ÍøÂç½Ó¿ÚµÄ»ìÔÓģʽʹµÃÒ»¸öÍøÂç½Ó¿ÚÉ豸´ÓÖ»ÄܶÁÈ¡Ä¿±êµØַΪ6×Ö½ÚMACµØÖ·µÄÊý¾Ý°ü£¬±äΪ¿É¶ÁÈ¡ÍøÂç¹ã²¥Ã½ÌåÖеÄËùÓÐÊý¾Ý°ü¡£¸Ã²¿·Öͨ¹ýÁ½´Îioctlº¯Êýµ÷ÓÃʵÏÖ£º¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ioctl(sock, SIOCGIFFLAGS, &ifr)¡¡¡¡ifr.ifr_flags = IFF_PROMISC¡¡¡¡ioctl(sock, SIOCGIFFLAGS, &ifr)¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡µÚÒ»´ÎµÄioctlº¯Êýµ÷Óã¬ÓÃÀ´½Ø»ñifr(struct ifreq)½á¹¹ÖÐËùº¬½Ó¿ÚÃû³ÆËùÖ¸½Ó¿ÚµÄ±ê¼Ç¡£µÚÒ»¸ö²ÎÊýÊÇ´ò¿ªµÄԭʼÌ×½Ó×ÖÃèÊö·û¡°sock¡±£¬µÚ¶þ¸ö²ÎÊýÊÇËùÒªÖ´ÐеÄÇëÇó²Ù×÷¡£µÚÈý¸ö²ÎÊýÊǽӿÚÇë ÇóÊý¾Ý½á¹¹µÄµØÖ·Ö¸Õ룬¸Ã½á¹¹Öаüº¬ÁËËùÒÔ½øÐÐÇëÇó²Ù×÷µÄ½Ó¿ÚÃû³ÆÖµ¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ÎÒÃÇͨ¹ý½«»ìºÏ±ê¼Ç(IFF_PROMISC)Ó¦Óõ½½Ó¿ÚÇëÇó½á¹¹µÄ±ê¼Çλ±äÁ¿ÖÐÀ´¸Ä±ä½Ó¿Ú±ê¼Çλ¡£²Ù×÷·û¡°=¡±½«»ìºÏ±ê¼Ç·ûÓëÔ­ÓеĽӿڱê¼Ç½øÐÐ ¡°»ò¡±²Ù×÷À´ÉèÖÃеĽӿڱê¼Ç¡£»ñµÃеĽӿڱê¼Çºó£¬½«ÆäÉèÖõ½Êµ¼Ê½Ó¿ÚÖС£µÚ¶þ´ÎµÄioctlµ÷Ó㬽«½Ó¿ÚÉ豸ÉèÖÃΪ»ìºÏģʽ¡£ÕýÈçµÚÒ»¸öioctlµ÷ ÓÃÊÇ»ñµÃÍøÂç½Ó¿ÚµÄ±ê¼Ç£¬Õâ´Îµ÷ÓÃÊÇÉèÖÃifr½á¹¹ÖÐÐ޸ĹýµÄбê¼Çдµ½ÎïÀí½Ó¿ÚÉÏ¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨2£©´ò¿ªSocketÉ豸¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ÓÃsocketº¯ÊýÀ´´ò¿ªSocketÉ豸¡£¡¡¡¡sock = socket(AF_PACKET, SOCK_RAW, htons(ETH_P_ALL))¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡domainÓòʹÓÃAF_PACKET,Äܹ»¼È½ÓÊÕÁ´Â·²ãÒ²½ÓÊÕÍøÂç²ãµÄÊý¾Ý°ü¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨3£©½ÓÊÕÊý¾Ý¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Ê¹ÓÃrecvfrom()º¯ÊýÀ´ÊµÏÖ½ÓÊÕÊý¾Ý°ü£º¡¡¡¡recvfrom(sock,(char *)buf,sizeof(buf), 0, (struct sockaddr *)&addr,&len)¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ÕâÊÇ´Ó´ò¿ªµÄÍøÂç²å×ùSocket¶ÁÈ¡Êý¾Ý°üµÄµØ·½£¬µ«Òª×¢Ò⣬addr½á¹¹ÓÐÒ»¸öÇ¿ÖÆÀàÐÍת»»£¬ÒÔÊÊÓ¦recvfrom()º¯ÊýµÄÓï·¨ÒªÇó£¬recvfrom()º¯ÊýÔڳɹ¦¶ÁÈ¡µÄÇé¿öÏ·µ»Ø¶ÁÈ¡µÄ×Ö½ÚÊý£¬·ñÔò·µ»Ø-1¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨4£©ÅжϰüÍ·Ö¸Õë¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¸ÃÊý¾Ý°ü²¶»ñÄ£¿é¿ÉÒÔ½ÓÊÕµ½µÄÊý¾Ý°ü¶¼ÊÇԭʼÊý¾Ý°ü£¬ËüÃǵĸñʽһ°ãÏÈÊÇÒÔÌ«ÍøÊý¾ÝÖ¡µÄÍ·²¿£¬½Ó×ÅÊÇARP»òÕßIPÊý¾Ý°üµÄÍ·²¿¡£IPÊý¾Ý°üºó½ô¸ú×Å TCP»òUDP¡¢ICMPµÄÍ·²¿£¬×îºó²ÅÊÇÕæÕýÒª´«ÊäµÄÊý¾Ý¡£ÓÚÊÇ£¬ÔÚ²ð·ÖIPÊý¾Ý°üʱ£¬ÏÈÌáÈ¡ÒÔÌ«ÍøÊý¾ÝÖ¡µÄÍ·²¿£¬ÔÙÌáÈ¡IPÊý¾Ý°üµÄÍ·²¿£¬È»ºó·ÖÎö TCP»òUDP¡¢ICMPÊý¾Ý°üµÄÍ·²¿¡£×îºó£¬´ÓÊý¾Ý°üÌáÈ¡³öÐèÒªµÄÊý¾Ý¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡3¡¢³ÌÐòÖÐÓõ½µÄһЩ½á¹¹Ìå½âÎö¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨1£©sockadd_in½á¹¹Ìå¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ÔÚÍøÂçÖеÚÒ»¸ö±»´´ÔìµÄ½á¹¹ÀàÐÍÊÇsockaddr¡£Õâ¸öÊý¾Ý½á¹¹ÊÇΪÐí¶àÀàÐ͵ÄÌ×½Ó¿Ú´¢´æµØÖ·ÐÅÏ¢¡£ËüµÄ¶¨ÒåÈçÏ£º¡¡¡¡struct sockaddr{¡¡¡¡unsigned shortsa_family£» /*Õâ¸öÊǵØÖ·×壬ͨ³£ÊÇAF-xxxxµÄÐÎʽ*/¡¡¡¡charsa_data[14]£» /*14×ֽڵĵØÖ·ÐÅÏ¢*/¡¡¡¡}£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨2£©ethhdr½á¹¹Ìå¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ÒÔÏÂÊÇÏàÓ¦Êý¾Ý½á¹¹£º¡¡¡¡struct ethhdr¡¡¡¡{¡¡¡¡unsigned char h_dest[ETH_ALEN]£»/*48λµÄÄ¿±êµØÖ·µÄÍø¿¨ÎïÀíµØÖ·*/¡¡¡¡unsigned char h_source[ETH_ALEN]£»/*48λµÄÔ´µØÖ·µÄÎïÀíÍø¿¨µØÖ·*/¡¡¡¡unsigned short h_proto£»/*16λµÄÒÔÌ«ÍøЭÒé*/¡¡¡¡}¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨3£©iphdr½á¹¹Ìå¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ÕâÊÇLinux µÄipЭÒ鱨ͷ£¬Õë¶Ô°æ±¾µÄ²»Í¬Ëü¿ÉÒÔÓв»Í¬µÄ¶¨Ò壬ÎÒÃǹúÄÚÒ»°ãÓÃBIGµÄ¶¨Ò壬ÆäÖÐversion ÊÇipµÄ°æ±¾£¬protocolÊÇipµÄЭÒé·ÖÀ࣬saddrÊÇ32λµÄÔ´ipµØÖ·£¬daddrÊÇ32λµÄÄ¿±êipµØÖ·¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨4£©tcphdr½á¹¹Ìå¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ÕâÊÇLinux ÏÂtcpЭÒéµÄÒ»²¿·Ö,ÓëipЭÒéÏàͬȡBIG£¬ÆäÖÐsourceÊÇÔ´¶Ë¿Ú£¬dest ÊÇÄ¿µÄ¶Ë¿Ú£¬seqÊÇsÐò£¬ack_seqÊÇaÐòºÅ£¬ÆäÓàµÄÊÇtcpµÄÁ¬½Ó±êÖ¾ÆäÖаüÀ¨6¸ö±êÖ¾£ºsyn±íʾÁ¬½ÓÇëÇó£¬urg ±íʾ½ô¼±ÐÅÏ¢£¬fin±íʾÁ¬½Ó½áÊø£¬ack±íʾÁ¬½ÓÓ¦´ð£¬psh±íʾÍÆÕ»±êÖ¾£¬rst±íʾÖжÏÁ¬½Ó¡£windowÊDZíʾ½ÓÊÜÊý¾Ý´°¿Ú´óС£¬checkÊÇУ ÑéÂ룬urg ptrÊǽô¼±Ö¸Õë¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨5£©udphdr½á¹¹Ìå¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ÕâÊÇLinuxÏÂipЭÒéÖÐudpЭÒéµÄÒ»²¿·Ö,ÒÔÏÂÊÇÏàÓ¦Êý¾Ý½á¹¹£º¡¡¡¡struct udphdr¡¡¡¡{¡¡¡¡u_int16_t source;/* Ô´¶Ë¿Ú*/¡¡¡¡u_int16_t dest;/* Ä¿µÄ¶Ë¿Ú*/¡¡¡¡u_int16_t len;/* udp ³¤¶È*/¡¡¡¡u_int16_t check;/*УÑéÂë*/¡¡¡¡}¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡±¾ÎÄÉè¼ÆµÄÊÇÒ»¸ö»ùÓÚLinuxÖ÷»úµÄ°ü¹ýÂËÐ͸öÈË·À»ðǽ£¬ËüʵÏֵŦÄܺÍÏÖ½ñÊг¡ÉÏÁ÷ÐеķÀ»ðǽÓо޴ó²î¾à¡£Ëæ׿¼ÊõµÄ²»¶Ï·¢Õ¹£¬·À»ðǽҲ´¦ÓÚ²»¶ÏµÄ±ä »¯Ö®ÖС£·À»ðǽ¼¼Êõ¾­ÀúÁË°ü¹ýÂË¡¢Ó¦ÓôúÀíÍø¹ØÔÙµ½×´Ì¬¼ì²âÈý¸ö½×¶Î¡£ÆäÖÐ״̬¼ì²âÊDZȽÏÏȽøµÄ·À»ðǽ¼¼Êõ£¬ËüÞðÆúÁË°ü¹ýÂË·À»ðǽ½ö¿¼²éÊý¾Ý°üµÄ IP µØÖ·µÈ¼¸¸ö²ÎÊý£¬¶ø²»¹ØÐÄÊý¾Ý°üÁ¬½Ó״̬±ä»¯µÄȱµã£¬ÔÚ·À»ðǽµÄºËÐIJ¿·Ö½¨Á¢×´Ì¬Á¬½Ó±í£¬²¢½«½ø³öÍøÂçµÄÊý¾Ýµ±³ÉÒ»¸ö¸öµÄ»á»°£¬ÀûÓÃ״̬±í¸ú×Ùÿһ¸ö»á»° ״̬¡£×´Ì¬¼ì²â¼¼ÊõÔÚ´óÁ¦Ìá¸ß°²È«·À·¶ÄÜÁ¦µÄͬʱҲ¸Ä½øÁËÁ÷Á¿´¦ÀíËٶȡ£×´Ì¬¼à²â¼¼Êõ²ÉÓÃÁËһϵÁÐÓÅ»¯¼¼Êõ£¬Ê¹·À»ðǽÐÔÄÜ´ó·ù¶ÈÌáÉý£¬ÄÜÓ¦ÓÃÔÚ¸÷ÀàÍøÂç»· ¾³ÖУ¬ÓÈÆäÊÇÔÚһЩ¹æÔò¸´ÔӵĴóÐÍÍøÂçÉÏ¡£Éî¶È°ü¼ì²â¼¼Êõ½«Îª·À»ðǽµÄ·¢Õ¹ÌáÉýµ½Ò»¸öеĽ׶Ρ£¸Ã¼¼Êõ¶ÔÊý¾Ý°üÍ·»òÓÐЧÔغÉËù·â×°µÄÄÚÈݽøÐзÖÎö£¬´Ó¶øÒý µ¼¡¢¹ýÂ˺ͼǼ»ùÓÚIPµÄÓ¦ÓóÌÐòºÍWeb·þÎñͨÐÅÁ÷Á¿£¬Æ乤×÷²¢²»ÊÜЭÒéÖÖÀàºÍÓ¦ÓóÌÐòÀàÐ͵ÄÏÞÖÆ¡£²ÉÓÃÉî¶È°ü¼ì²â¼¼Êõ£¬ÆóÒµÍøÂç¿ÉÒÔ»ñµÃÐÔÄÜÉϵĴó·ù ¶ÈÌáÉý¶øÎÞÐ蹺Âò°º¹óµÄ·þÎñÆ÷»òÊÇÆäËû°²È«²úÆ·¡£
[1] [2] ÏÂÒ»Ò³ 

£¨³ö´¦£ºhttp://www.sheup.com£©


ÉÏÒ»Ò³ [1] [2]