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Minix 2.0.0安装说明



         出处:http://www.LinuxByte.net/
    作者:shen630(LinuxByte)
    发布日期:2004-7-2

    Minix 2.0.0安装说明

      Minix 安装对硬件要求不高,386 到 Pentium II,4M 以上内存,30M 以上硬盘空间。需要注意的是,Minix 要安装在 Primary IDE 口 Master 硬盘上。

      用 ROOT+USR 盘启动计算机,当提示输入设备名挂接 /usr 文件系统时,输入‘/dev/fd0c’。

    Minix 2.0.0 Copyright 1997 Prentice-Hall, Inc.

    Executing in 32-bit protected mode

     

    Memory size = 15946K  MINIX = 295K  RAM disk = 480K  Available = 15171K

    RAM disk loaded.

    Thu Jul 29 16:21:37 MET DST 1999

    Finish the name of device to mount as /usr: /dev/fd0c

    /dev/fd0c is read-write mounted on /usr

    Starting standard daemons: update.

    Login as root and run 'setup' to install Minix.

    Minix Release 2.0 Version 0

    noname login:

      用 root 登录,运行‘setup’开始安装。

    noname login: root

    # setup

    This is the Minix installation script.

    Note 1: If the screen blanks suddenly then hit F3 to select "software

    scrolling".

    Note 2: If things go wrong then hit DEL and start over.

    Note 3: The installation procedure is described in the manual page

    usage(8). It will be hard without it.

    Note 4: Some questions have default answers, like this: [y]

    Simply hit RETURN (or ENTER) if you want to choose that answer.

    Note 5: If you see a colon (:) then you should hit RETURN to continue.

    :

      击 ENTER 键。

    What type of keyboard do you have? You can choose one of:

    french italian latin-am scandinavn uk us-swap

    german japanese olivetti spanish us-std

    Keyboard type? [us-std]

      一般键盘都是 U.S.标准键盘,所以击 ENTER 键。

    Minix needs one primary partition of at least 30 Mb (it fits in 20 Mb, but

    it needs 30 Mb if fully recompiled. Add more space to taste.)

    If there is no free space on your disk then you have to back up one of the

    other partitions, shrink, and reinstall. See the appropriate manuals of the

    the operating systems currently installed. Restart your Minix installation

    after you have made space.

    To make this partition you will be put in the editor "part". Follow the

    advice under the '!' key to make a new partition of type MINIX. Do not

    touch an existing partition unless you know precisely what you are doing!

    Please note the name of the partition (hd1, hd2, ..., hd9, sd1, sd2, ...

    sd9) you make. (See the devices section in usage(8) on Minix device names.)

    :

      击 ENTER 键进行分区。

    Select device    ----first----  --geom/last--  ------sectors-----

     Device       Cyl Head Sec  Cyl Head Sec   Base   Size   Kb

     /dev/hd0              ?  ?  ?

               ?  ?  ?   ?  ?  ?    ?    ?    ?

    Num Sort   Type

     ? ?   ? ?    ?  ?  ?   ?  ?  ?    ?    ?    ?

     ? ?   ? ?    ?  ?  ?   ?  ?  ?    ?    ?    ?

     ? ?   ? ?    ?  ?  ?   ?  ?  ?    ?    ?    ?

     ? ?   ? ?    ?  ?  ?   ?  ?  ?    ?    ?    ?

    Type '+' or '-' to change, 'r' to read, '?' for more help, '!' for advice

     

      这台计算机只有一个硬盘,按 ‘r’ 读入分区信息。

    Select device    ----first----  --geom/last--  ------sectors-----

     Device       Cyl Head Sec  Cyl Head Sec   Base   Size   Kb

     /dev/hd0             823  32  63

               0  0  0  823  15  62    0 1660176 830088

    Num Sort   Type

     1* hd1 06 DOS-BIG 0  1  0  731  31 62    63 1475649 737824 

     2 hd2 00 None   0  0  0  0  0  -1    0    0    0

     3 hd3 00 None   0  0  0  0  0  -1    0    0    0

     4 hd4 00 None   0  0  0  0  0  -1    0    0    0

    at-hd0: QUANTUM TRB850

      这个硬盘已有一个 Dos 分区,剩余大约 90M 空间。按‘m’察看帮助信息,然后把剩余空间设为第二分区,设为 MINIX 类型,并把 MINIX 分区设为活动分区。最后按‘q’键退出,和按‘y’键保存分区信息。

    Select device    ----first----  --geom/last--  ------sectors-----

     Device       Cyl Head Sec  Cyl Head Sec   Base   Size   Kb

     /dev/hd0             823  32  63

               0  0  0  823  15  62    0 1660176 830088

    Num Sort   Type

     1 hd1 06 DOS-BIG  0  1  0  731  31 62    63 1475649 737824 

     2* hd2 81 MINIX 732  0  0  823  31 62 1475712  185472 92736 

     3 hd3 00 None   0  0  0  0  0  -1    0    0    0

     4 hd4 00 None   0  0  0  0  0  -1    0    0    0

    Save partition table? (y/n) y

      当提示建立主分区时,输入‘/dev/hd2’。

    Please finish the name of the primary partition you have created:

    (Just type RETURN if you want to rerun "part") /dev/hd2

    You have created a partition named: /dev/hd2

    The following subpartitions are about to be created on /dev/hd2:

    Root subpartition: /dev/hd2a 1440 kb

    /usr subpartition: /dev/hd2c rest of hd2

    Hit return if everything looks fine, or hit DEL to bail out if you want to

    think it over. The next step will destroy /dev/hd2.

    :

      击 ENTER 键。

    Migrating from floppy to disk...

     

    Scanning /dev/hd2c for bad blocks. (Hit DEL to stop the scan if are absolutely

    sure that there can not be any bad blocks. Otherwise just wait.)

    cp /fd0/etc/hostname.file /mnt/etc/hostname.file

    cp /fd0/etc/motd /mnt/etc/motd

      一些文件拷贝进硬盘,当击拷贝完成后 Minix 将会提问系统内存大小,我有 64M 内存,但 Minix 暂时最大只能使用 16M 内存,所以我输入‘16384’。

    mkdir /mnt/root

    mkdir /mnt/tmp

    cp /fd0/.ellepro.b1 /mnt/.ellepro.b1

    /dev/fd0 unmounted from /fd0

    /dev/hd2a unmounted from /mnt

    What is the memory size of this system in kilobytes? [4096 or more] 16384

    Second level file system block cache set to 1024 kb.

      安装第一步完成了,输入‘halt’和‘boot hd2’重启计算机。

    Please insert the installation ROOT floppy and type 'halt' to exit Minix.

    You can type 'boot hd3' to try the newly installed Minix system. See

    "TESTING" in the usage manual.

    # halt

    System Halted

    fd0>boot hd2

    Minix 2.0.0 Copyright 1997 Prentice-Hall, Inc.

    Executing in 32-bit protected mode

    at-hd0: QUANTUM TRB850

    Memory size = 15946K  MINIX = 1509K  RAM disk = 1024K  Available = 13413K

    Thu Jul 29 16:30:37 MET DST 1999

    /dev/hd2c is read-write mounted on /usr

    Starting standard daemons: update.

    Login as root and run 'setup /usr' to install floppy sets.

    Minix Release 2.0 Version 0

    noname login:

      用 root 登录,运行‘setup /usr’,ENTER,ENTER,插入 1 of USR.TAZ,ENTER。

    noname login: root

    # setup /usr

    What is the size of the images on the diskettes? [all]

    What floppy drive to use? [0]

    Please insert input volume 1 and hit return

    created directory: local/lib

    created directory: local/man

    created directory: local/src

    created directory: man

    Can't make directory mdec: File exists

      当出现“File exists”警告信息时,不用管它。

    mdec/boot, 050 tape blocks

    mdec/bootblock, 01 tape blocks

    mdec/extboot, 01 tape blocks

      第一张盘的文件拷贝完成后,当系统提示时,插入 2 of USR.TAZ、3 of USR.TAZ。完成后,运行‘setup /usr’安装 SYS.TAZ 及 CMD.TAZ 等 5 张盘。

    src/commands/talkd/talk.h, 03 tape blocks

    src/commands/talkd/talkd.c, 03 tape blocks

    src/commands/talkd/talkd.h, 01 tape blocks

    /tmp/LAST, 0 tape blocks

    Done.

      然后我给系统命名为‘host1’,Ctrl+D 退出后用 ‘bin’登录,编辑‘/usr/include/minix/config.h’文件修改系统参数。

    # echo host1 >/etc/hostname.file

    # ^D

    Minix Release 2.0 Version 0

    finiah login: bin

    ! vi /usr/include/minix/config.h

      我修改以下参数,处理更多进程,加大缓冲区,只使用 AT/IDE 磁盘驱动,网络支持,8 个远程终端登录。

    #define NR_PROCS 40

    #if (MACHINE == IBM_PC && _WORD_SIZE == 4)

    #define NR_BUFS 1024 /* # blocks in the buffer cache */

    #define NR_BUF_HASH 2048 /* size of buf hash table; MUST BE POWER OF 2*/

    #endif

    #define ENABLE_CACHE2 0

    #define ENABLE_NETWORKING 1 /* enable TCP/IP code */

    #define ENABLE_AT_WINI 1 /* enable AT winchester driver */

    #define ENABLE_BIOS_WINI 0 /* enable BIOS winchester driver */

    #define ENABLE_ESDI_WINI 0 /* enable ESDI winchester driver */

    #define ENABLE_XT_WINI 0 /* enable XT winchester driver */

    #define ENABLE_ADAPTEC_SCSI 0 /* enable ADAPTEC SCSI driver */

    #define NR_PTYS 8 /* # pseudo terminals (0 to 64) */

      主核心 Makefile 在 /usr/src/tools。用命令 ‘make hdboot’编译新映像,并把其拷贝到 /minix/ 。

    ! cd tools/

    ! make hdboot

    generic/tcp_send.o generic/udp.o

    exec cc -c -m -I. -I.. -I/usr/include putk.c

    exec cc -o inet -i inet.a putk.o

    install -S 10k inet

    exec cc -O -D_MINIX -D_POSIX_SOURCE init.c -o init

    install -S 192w init

    installboot -image image ../kernel/kernel ../mm/mm ../fs/fs ../inet/inet init

    text data bss size

    54432 9000 38624 102056 ../kernel/kernel

    12544 1176 32072 45792 ../mm/mm

    28816 2196 1101676 1132688 ../fs/fs

    66480 7420 94400 168300 ../inet/inet

    6828 2032 1356 10216 init

    ------ ------ ------ -------

    169100 21824 1268128 1459052 total

    exec sh mkboot hdboot

    cp image /dev/hd3a:/minix/2.0.0r0

    Done.

     

      Ctrl+D 退出后用 ‘root’登录,用‘shutdown’命令关闭系统。此时进入启动管理器,可关机,也可修改启动参数。现在修改启动参数,关闭 RAM 盘,设置网卡参数,NE2000 或 NE2000 兼容网卡 I/O 地址 300, IRQ 10。保存并引导。

    ! shutdown

    Broadcast message from bin@finiah (console)

    Tue Oct 1 18:08:49 1996...

    The system will shutdown NOW

    System Halted

    hd2a>unset ramsize

    hd2a>DPETH0=300:10

    hd2a>save

    hd2a>boot

      启动后,要设置本机的 IP 地址,子网掩码。建立‘/etc/rc.net’文件,内容是‘ifconfig -h 192.168.1.20 -n 255.255.255.0’。

    Minix 2.0.0 Copyright 1997 Prentice-Hall, Inc.

    Executing in 32-bit protected mode

    ne2000: NE2000 at 300:10

    at-hd0: QUANTUM TRB850

    Memory size = 15946K  MINIX = 1509K  RAM disk = 0K  Available = 14437K

    Thu Jul 29 16:30:37 MET DST 1999

    /dev/hd2c is read-write mounted on /usr

    Starting standard daemons: update.

    Starting network daemons: rarpd nonamed irdpd talkd.

    Starting network services: shell login telnet ftp.

    Minix Release 2.0 Version 0

    127.36.93.27 login: root

    #

      最后,建立‘/etc/hosts’,‘etc/ethers’文件。

    # echo nameserver 127.36.93.25 >/etc/resolv.conf

      建立‘/etc/rc.net’,‘/etc/hosts’,‘etc/ethers’文件。

                .

                .

                .

    # shutdown -r
    发布人:会游泳的鱼 来自:www.linuxbyte.net