Minix 2.0.3安装说明
出处：http://www.LinuxByte.net/
作者：shen630（LinuxByte）
发布日期：2004-7-2
Minix 2.0.3 安装说明
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Minix 安装对硬件要求不高，386 到 Pentium II，4M 以上内存，35M 以上硬盘空间。需要注意的是，
Minix 要安装在 Primary IDE 口 Master 硬盘上。
用 ROOT+USR 盘启动计算机，当提示输入设备名挂接 /usr 文件系统时，输入‘/dev/fd0p2’。
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Minix 2.0.3 Copyright 2001 Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Executing in 32-bit protected mode
Memory size = 130633K MINIX = 308K RAM disk = 480K Available = 129845K
RAM disk loaded.
Sun Jun 27 16:21:37 GMT 2004
Finish the name of device to mount as /usr: /dev/fd0p2
/dev/fd0p2 is read-write mounted on /usr
Multiuser startup in progress.
Starting standard daemons: update.
Login as root and run 'setup' to install Minix.
Minix Release 2 Version 0.3
noname login:
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用 root 登录，运行‘setup’开始安装。
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noname login: root
# setup
This is the Minix installation script.
Note 1: If the screen blanks suddenly then hit F3 to select "software
scrolling".
Note 2: If things go wrong then hit DEL and start over.
Note 3: The installation procedure is described in the manual page
usage(8). It will be hard without it.
Note 4: Some questions have default answers, like this: [y]
Simply hit RETURN (or ENTER) if you want to choose that answer.
Note 5: If you see a colon (:) then you should hit RETURN to continue.
:
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击 ENTER 键。
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What type of keyboard do you have? You can choose one of:
french japanese polish uk
german latin-am scandinavn us-std
italian olivetti spanish us-swap
Keyboard type? [us-std]
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一般键盘都是 U.S.标准键盘，所以击 ENTER 键。
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Minix needs one primary partition of at least 35 Mb (it fits in 25 Mb, but
it needs 35 Mb if fully recompiled. Add more space to taste, but don't
overdo it, there are limits to the size of a file system.)
If there is no free space on your disk then you have to back up one of the
other partitions, shrink, and reinstall. See the appropriate manuals of the
the operating systems currently installed. Restart your Minix installation
after you have made space.
To make this partition you will be put in the editor "part". Follow the
advice under the '!' key to make a new partition of type MINIX. Do not
touch an existing partition unless you know precisely what you are doing!
Please note the name of the partition (e.g. c0d0p1, c0d1p3, c1d1p0) you
make. (See the devices section in usage(8) on Minix device names.)
:
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击 ENTER 键进行分区。
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Select device ----first---- --geom/last-- ------sectors-----
Device Cyl Head Sec Cyl Head Sec Base Size Kb
/dev/c0d0 ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
Num Sort Type
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
Type '+' or '-' to change, 'r' to read, '?' for more help, '!' for advice
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这台计算机只有一个硬盘，按 ‘r’ 读入分区信息。
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Select device ----first---- --geom/last-- ------sectors-----
Device Cyl Head Sec Cyl Head Sec Base Size Kb
/dev/c0d0 823 32 63
0 0 0 823 15 62 0 1660176 830088
Num Sort Type
1 p0 06 None 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 0
2 p1 00 None 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 0
3 p2 00 None 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 0
4 p3 00 None 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 0
at-hd0: QUANTUM TRB850
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这个硬盘已有一个 Dos 分区，剩余大约 90M 空间。按‘m’察看帮助信息，然后把剩余空间设为第二分区，设为 MINIX 类型，并把 MINIX 分区设为活动分区。最后按‘q’键退出，和按‘y’键保存分区信息。
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Select device ----first---- --geom/last-- ------sectors-----
Device Cyl Head Sec Cyl Head Sec Base Size Kb
/dev/c0d0 823 32 63
0 0 0 823 15 62 0 1660176 830088
Num Sort Type
1* p0 81 MINIX 0 1 0 92 31 62 63 185472 92736
2 p1 00 None 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 0
3 p2 00 None 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 0
4 p3 00 None 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 0
Save partition table? (y/n) y
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当提示建立主分区时，输入‘/dev/c0d0p0’。
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Please finish the name of the primary partition you have created:
(Just type RETURN if you want to rerun "part") /dev/c0d0p0
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交互空间大小的设置，不是必须的。设置为‘4000’。
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How much swap space would you like? Swapspace is only needed if this
system is memory starved, like a 16-bit system with less then 2M, or a
32-bit system with less then 4M. Minix swapping isn't very good yet, so
there is no need for it otherwise.
Size in kilobytes? [0] 4000
You have created a partition named: /dev/c0d0p0
The following subpartitions are about to be created on /dev/c0d0p0:
Root subpartition: /dev/c0d0p0s0 1440 kb
Swap subpartition: /dev/c0d0p0s1 4000 kb
/usr subpartition: /dev/c0d0p0s2 rest of c0d0p0
Hit return if everything looks fine, or hit DEL to bail out if you want to
think it over. The next step will destroy /dev/c0d0p0.
:
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击 ENTER 键。
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/dev/c0d0p0s1: swapspace at offset 2, size 3998 kilobytes
/dev/c0d0p0s1 is swapspace
Migrating from floppy to disk...
Scanning /dev/c0d0p0s2 for bad blocks. (Hit DEL to stop the scan if are
absolutely sure that there can not be any bad blocks. Otherwise just wait.)
Scan done
/dev/c0d0p0s2 is read-write mounted on /mnt
mkdir /mnt/bin
cp /usr/bin/MAKEDEV /mnt/bin/MAKEDEV
cp /usr/bin/arch /mnt/bin/arch
cp /usr/bin/badblocks /mnt/bin/badblocks
.
.
.
mkdir /mnt/root
mkdir /mnt/tmp
cp /root/.ashrc /mnt/.ashrc
/dev/fd0 unmounted from /root
/dev/c0d0p0s0 unmounted from /mnt
Second level file system block cache set to 1024 kb.
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安装第一步完成了，输入‘halt’和‘boot c0d0p0’重启计算机。
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Please insert the installation ROOT floppy and type 'halt' to exit Minix.
You can type 'boot c0d0p1' to try the newly installed Minix system. See
"TESTING" in the usage manual.
# halt
System Halted
fd0>boot c0d0p0
Minix 2.0.3 Copyright 2001 Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Executing in 32-bit protected mode
at-hd0: QUANTUM TRB850
Memory size = 130632K MINIX = 308K RAM disk = 1024K Available = 129301K
Sun Jun 27 16:31:37 GMT 2004
/dev/c0d0p0s1 is swapspace
/dev/c0d0p0s2 is read-write mounted on /usr
Multiuser startup in progress.
Starting standard daemons: update.
Login as root and run 'setup /usr' to install floppy sets.
Minix Release 2 Version 0.3
noname login:
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用 root 登录，运行‘setup /usr’，ENTER，ENTER，插入 1 of USR.TAZ，ENTER。
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noname login: root
# setup /usr
What is the size of the images on the diskettes? [all]
What floppy drive to use? [0]
Please insert input volume 1 and hit return
created directory: adm
adm/lastlog, 0 tape blocks
adm/log, 0 tape blocks
.
.
.
created directory: man
Can't make directory mdec: File exists
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当出现“File exists”警告信息时，不用管它。
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mdec/boot, 050 tape blocks
mdec/bootblock, 01 tape blocks
mdec/extboot, 01 tape blocks
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第一张盘的文件拷贝完成后，当系统提示时，插入 2 of USR.TAZ、3 of USR.TAZ。完成后，运行‘setup /usr’安装 NET.TAZ、SYS.TAZ、CMD.TAZ 等 6 张盘。
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src/commands/talkd/talk.h, 03 tape blocks
src/commands/talkd/talkd.c, 03 tape blocks
src/commands/talkd/talkd.h, 01 tape blocks
/tmp/LAST, 0 tape blocks
Done.
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然后我给系统命名为‘host1’，Ctrl+D 退出后用 ‘bin’登录，编辑‘/usr/include/minix/config.h’文件修改系统参数。
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# echo host1 >/etc/hostname.file
# ^D
Minix Release 2 Version 0.3
finiah login: bin
! vi /usr/include/minix/config.h
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我修改以下参数，处理更多进程，加大缓冲区，只使用 AT/IDE 磁盘驱动，网络支持，8 个远程终端登录。
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#define NR_PROCS 64
#if (MACHINE == IBM_PC && _WORD_SIZE == 4)
#define NR_BUFS 2048 /* # blocks in the buffer cache */
#define NR_BUF_HASH 4096 /* size of buf hash table; MUST BE POWER OF 2*/
#endif
#define ENABLE_CACHE2 0
#define ENABLE_USERBIOS 1 /* enable user mode BIOS calls */
#define DMA_SECTORS 64 /* DMA buffer size (must be >= 1) */
#define ENABLE_DP8390 1 /* enable DP8390 ethernet driver */
#define NR_CONS 4 /* # system consoles (1 to 8) */
#define NR_RS_LINES 2 /* # rs232 terminals (0 to 4) */
#define NR_PTYS 16 /* # pseudo terminals (0 to 64) */
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主核心 Makefile 在 /usr/src/tools。用命令 ‘make hdboot’编译新映像，并把其拷贝到 /minix/ 。
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! cd tools/
! make hdboot
cd ../kernel && exec make -
exec cc -c -I/usr/include mpx.s
exec cc -c -I/usr/include start.c
exec cc -c -I/usr/include protect.c
exec cc -c -I/usr/include klib.s
exec cc -c -I/usr/include table.c
exec cc -c -I/usr/include main.c
.
.
.
install -S 192w init
installboot -image image ../kernel/kernel ../mm/mm ../fs/fs init
text data bss size
78864 13736 137024 229624 ../kernel/kernel
14704 1156 42836 58696 ../mm/mm
28752 2400 2189460 2220612 ../fs/fs
6992 2084 1356 10432 init
------ ------ ------ -------
129312 19376 2370676 2519364 total
exec sh mkboot hdboot
cp image /dev/c0d0p0s0:/minix/2.0.3r0
Done.
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Ctrl+D 退出后用 ‘root’登录，用‘shutdown’命令关闭系统。此时进入启动管理器，可关机，也可修改启动参数。现在修改启动参数，关闭 RAM 盘，设置网卡参数，NE2000 或 NE2000 兼容网卡 I/O 地址 300， IRQ 10。保存并引导。
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! shutdown
Broadcast message from bin@finiah (console)
Tue Oct 1 18:08:49 1996...
The system will shutdown NOW
System Halted
d0p0s0>unset ramsize
d0p0s0>DPETH0=300:10
d0p0s0>servers=inet
d0p0s0>save
d0p0s0>boot
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启动后，要设置本机的 IP 地址，子网掩码。
修改‘/etc/inet.conf’文件，内容是‘eth0 DP8390 0 { default; };’；
建立‘/etc/rc.net’文件，内容是‘
# Network initialization.
(</dev/eth </dev/tcp) 2>/dev/null && net=true # Is there a TCP/IP server?
if [ "$net" -a -f /etc/rc.net ]
then
# There is a customized TCP/IP initialization.
ifconfig -h 198.8.8.20 -n 255.255.255.0
elif [ "$net" ] && [ "`hostaddr -e`" = 0:0:0:0:0:0 ]
then
# No network hardware, configure a fixed address to run TCP/IP alone.
ifconfig -h 192.168.1.20
fi
if [ "$net" ]
then
#Starting network daemons
for daemon in nonamed irdpd talkd
do
if [ -f /usr/bin/$daemon ]
then
echo -n " $daemon"
$daemon &
fi
done
# Get the nodename from the DNS and set it.
hostaddr -a >/etc/hostname.file || echo noname >/etc/hostname.file
#Starting network services
for pair in 'shell in.rshd' 'login in.rld' 'telnet in.telnetd' 'ftp in.ftpd'
do
set $pair
if [ -f /usr/bin/$2 ]
then
echo -n " $1"
tcpd $1 /usr/bin/$2 &
fi
done
fi
’。
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Minix 2.0.3 Copyright 2001 Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Executing in 32-bit protected mode
at-hd0: QUANTUM TRB850
Memory size = 130632K MINIX = 291K RAM disk = 480K Available = 129861K
Sun Jun 27 16:31:37 GMT 2004
/dev/c0d0p0s1 is swapspace
/dev/c0d0p0s2 is read-write mounted on /usr
Multiuser startup in progress.
dp8390#0: NE2000 at 300:10
Starting daemons: update cron.
Minix Release 2 Version 0.3
noname login: root
#
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最后，建立‘/etc/hosts’，‘etc/ethers’文件。
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# echo nameserver 198.8.8.20 >/etc/resolv.conf
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建立‘/etc/rc.net’，‘/etc/hosts’，‘etc/ethers’文件。
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.
.
.
# shutdown -r
发布人:会游泳的鱼 来自:LinuxByte