工作原因偶配置sambs 服务器的时候比较多,所以写下来和大家共同探讨一下.本文是针对red hat Linux 9 samba server的配置.希望能对像我 一样的小菜有点帮助.本文没有什么技术含量.本人涉及linux的造诣不深,还请各位指教. samba server的配置文件在/etc/samba/下的smb.conf打开一个终端中输入: gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf 也可以用vi编辑.由于文件太长,我把 个人认为没有用的东东删除了,主要是一些注释.下面偶解释一下主要字段的意思.由于我的这个文件配置过了,可能你的机器和我的不一样. ======================= Global Settings ===================================== [global] //设置samba服务整体环境 workgroup = hackase //设置工作组名 server string = angel server //服务器的名说明 ; hosts allow = 192.168.1. 192.168.2. 127. //限制可访问此服务的IP范围,默认是全部 允许的,要是想设设置去掉前面的";" printcap name = /etc/printcap //打印机配置文件 load printers = yes //是否共享打印机 # bsd, sysv, plp, lprng, aix, hpux, qnx, cups printing = cups //打印机的类型.标准打印机类型包括以上几种. ; guest account = pcguest //pcguest为用户名.可改去掉前边的";"让用户以 pcguest身份匿名登录,但保证/etc/passwd中有此人. log file = /var/log/samba/%m.log //为登录服务器的用户建立不同的日志文件. max log size = 0 //日志文件的大小,"0"代表无限制 //以下是smb.conf文件对服务器安全级别的设置 security = SHARE //安全性的级别共四种.share、user、server、domain ; passWord server = 密码验证服务器. ; password level = 8 //密码级别 ; username level = 8 encrypt passwords = yes //用户密码加密,当然也可以不加密 smb passwd file = /etc/samba/smbpasswd //将密码服务器设置为samba server.需 要这个东东来指定验证文件.这个是文件 的路径,如果samba server是指定的win server这个不须要 ; ssl CA certFile = /usr/share/ssl/certs/ca-bundle.crt unix password sync = Yes passwd program = /usr/bin/passwd %u passwd chat = *New*password* %n\n *Retype*new*password* %n\n *passwd:*all*authentication*tokens*updated*sUCcessfully* pam password change = yes ; username map = /etc/samba/smbusers //如果每个windows用户在samba服务器中有帐户这 个可以不设 ; include = /etc/samba/smb.conf.%m obey pam restrictions = yes ; interfaces = 192.168.12.2/24 192.168.13.2/24 如果多网段要在这里列出 ; remote announce = 192.168.1.255 192.168.2.44 ; local master = no ; os level = 33 ; domain master = yes ; preferred master = yes ; domain logons = yes ; logon script = %m.bat ; logon script = %U.bat ; logon path = \\%L\Profiles\%U ; wins support = yes //wins server支持 ; wins server = w.x.y.z ; wins proxy = yes //wins 代理设置 dns proxy = no //dns代理设置 ; preserve case = no ; short preserve case = no ; default case = lower ; case sensitive = no #============================ Share Definitions ============================== [homes] //用户访问自已目录的设置 comment = Home Directories //说明(以下同理) browseable = no//设定目录可不可以别人浏览 writeable = yes//用户写入自己的权限 valid users = %S create mode = 0664 directory mode = 0775 ; [netlogon] //此段域用户登录目录设置 ; comment = Network Logon Service ; path = /usr/local/samba/lib/netlogon ; guest ok = yes ; writable = no ; share modes = no ;[Profiles] ; path = /usr/local/samba/profiles ; browseable = no ; guest ok = yes [printers] //打印机设置 comment = All Printers path = /var/spool/samba browseable = no printable = yes ;[tmp] //用户共享资源设置 ; comment = Temporary file space ; path = /tmp //可以自定义目录,去掉前边的";"就OK了 ; read only = no //是否只读或可写 ; public = yes ;[public] //用户共享资源设置 ; comment = Public Stuff ; path = /home/samba ; public = yes ; writable = yes ; printable = no ; write list = @staff ;[fredsprn] ; comment = Fred's Printer ; valid users = fred ; path = /home/fred ; printer = freds_printer ; public = no ; writable = no ; printable = yes ;[fredsdir] ; comment = Fred's Service ; path = /usr/somewhere/private ; valid users = fred ; public = no ; writable = yes ; printable = no ;[pchome] ; comment = PC Directories ; path = /usr/local/pc/%m ; public = no ; writable = yes ;[public] ; path = /usr/somewhere/else/public ; public = yes ; only guest = yes ; writable = yes ; printable = no ;[myshare] ; comment = Mary's and Fred's stuff ; path = /usr/somewhere/shared ; valid users = mary fred ; public = no ; writable = yes ; printable = no ; create mask = 0765 [my work] //偶的东东 comment = is me work path = /root/my work valid users angel public = yes writeable = yes _content>好了,了解smb.conf的文件就好办了.我们开始对samba server的四个安全级别分别讲解. 1、share级配置 这个在四个等级中是最低的,方法也是最简单.我们只要对smb.conf文件修改一下就可以了. workgroup = hackase server string = angel server hosts allow = 192.168.1. //限制192.168.1的IP网段可以防问 printcap name = /etc/printcap load printers = yes //共享打印机 printing = cups //打印机用linux标准的 guest account = angel log file = /var/log/samba/%m.log max log size = 20 security = share =================================================================== 其他的设置默认就可以了,也可以像我把所有的注释删除.[tmp]这个字段的";"去掉.路径可以更改. 重启一下服务 /etc/samba/smb restart // service smb restart 也可 用testparm测试我们配置的文件是否正确: =================================================================== [root@localhost root]# testparm //测试时[printers]注释掉了所以这里没有. Load smb config files from /etc/samba/smb.conf Processing section "[homes]" Processing section "[tmp]" Processing section "[my]" Loaded services file OK. //如有错误,会在这列出错误的地方. Press enter to see a dump of your service definitions ================================================================== 用smbclient命令查看网络共享情况 =================================================================== [root@localhost etc]# smbclient -L localhost //本机名为localhost Password: Domain=[HACKBASE] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 2.2.7a] Sharename Type Comment --------- ---- ------- tmp Disk Temporary file space my Disk is me IPC$ IPC IPC Service (angel server) ADMIN$ Disk IPC Service (angel server) root Printer Home Directories Server Comment --------- ------- Workgroup Master --------- ------- ======================================================================= 2、user级配置 user比share级安全级别高一点点,很简单的,可以在share基础上改一下就可以了. 改一下security = share字段为:security = user.在加上如下字段: guest account = angel //机器上有这个用户名,如果你没有那就建一个吧! encrypt passwords=yes smb passwd file=/etc/samba/smbpasswd (1)生成口令文件. #cat/etc/passwd mksmbpasswd.sh>/etc/samba/smbpasswd 本命令将生成口令文件"/etc/samba/smbpasswd" 这个就是我们刚加上的"smb passwd file=/etc/samba/smbpasswd" (2)我们知道建账户是建在etc/passwd文件里,我们须要用smbpasswd命令为刚才建立的账名设置samba server口令. 格式为:smbpasswd angel (3)重启samba server服务 user级的也OK了,你可以用testparm and smbclient命测试.windows用户想访问就要输入angel and passwd.这个就不是谁都可以访问你的共享 资源了. 3、server 级配置 server级比user级也高那么一点,只需要user级配置上修改一下就OK了. (1)security = user字段为:security = server (2)加上password server = ****** //密码服务器,这个可以是你的windows主域控制器,也 可以是别一个samba server服务器(名子无意思) (3)注释smb passwd file=/etc/samba/smbpasswd (4)重启samba server服务,你可以用testparm and smbclient命测试. 好了,又完事一个现在如果一台windows机器登录******(password server = ******设置的)域服务器的时候,也就同登录上了samba server,如 果你以是*****主控域的计算机,那你就可以输入你自己的账号密码打开samba server的文件了,但是你要保证*****和sambs server的账号和密 码相同. 4、domain级的配置 domain级的配置是samba server中级别最高的他主要就是把samba加入到域中去,用域服务器作samba server的密码服务器. 其实domain级的配置也很简单,只需要在user级的基础上修改: (1)加入字段:NETBLOS = main //起一个NETBLOS名,放在smb.conf文件的最上边 password server = ** //用主域控制器**来做密码服务器 (2)security = user字段为:security = domain workgroup = ***** //*****是主域控制器的域名 (3)注释smb passwd file=/etc/samba/smbpasswd (4)重启samba server服务,你可以用testparm and smbclient命测试. 终于完事了,好在我的"弹指神功"技术纯熟.这个时候我们就可以和windows系统通信了,我也要去呼呼了,等等~~~那网络可以共享了,那么我们本 机的linux系统和本机的windows系统怎么通信啊!呵呵.当然有办法,到现在大侠们可以起来活动活动了,帮我看看我写的有什么错误.好了,打开 终端输入:[root@localhost root]# fdisk -l //查一下windows系统所在的分区. Disk /dev/hdb: 61.4 GB, 61492838400 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 7476 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/hdb1 * 1 738 5927953+ 7 HPFS/NTFS /dev/hdb2 739 7476 54122985 f Win95 Ext'd (LBA) /dev/hdb5 739 1480 5960083+ 7 HPFS/NTFS /dev/hdb6 1481 2383 7253316 b Win95 FAT32 /dev/hdb7 3651 6200 20482843+ b Win95 FAT32 /dev/hdb8 6201 7476 10249438+ b Win95 FAT32 /dev/hdb9 2384 2396 104391 83 Linux /dev/hdb10 2397 3585 9550611 83 Linux /dev/hdb11 3586 3650 522081 82 Linux swap [root@localhost root]# mkdir /mnt/my //在mnt下建一个叫my的目录(定义到那自己决定) [root@localhost root]# mount -t auto /dev/hdb7 /mnt/my //不用说了吧! 这样就可以防问windows的分区了,但是系统分区不可以是ntfs格式的. windows系统访问linux系统要用到工具,"eXPlore2fs"可以到 _blank>http://download.enet.com.cn/Html/030282000080601.html下载 在工作中,大多用第二种方法.好了,我终于可以去呼呼了.感谢您看完!!
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