×÷ Õߣº ÌÀº£¾©
( E-mail:
[email protected] )
µÚÈýÕ Web·þÎñÆ÷
µÚÒ»½Ú Apache·þÎñÆ÷
1.1 ¼ò½é
ApacheÊÇÊÀ½çÅÅÃûµÚÒ»µÄWeb·þÎñÆ÷£¬¸ù¾ÝÖøÃûµÄWeb·þÎñÆ÷µ÷²é¹«Ë¾NetcraftµÄµ÷²é£¬ÊÀ½çÉÏ°Ù·ÖÖ®ÎåÊ®ÒÔÉϵÄWeb·þÎñÆ÷¶¼ÔÚʹÓÃApache¡£
×ݹÛApache£¬ËüΪÎÒÃǵÄÍøÂç¹ÜÀíÔ±ÌṩÁ˷ḻ¶à²ÊµÄ¹¦ÄÜ£¬°üÀ¨Ä¿Â¼Ë÷Òý¡¢Ä¿Â¼±ðÃû¡¢ÄÚÈÝÐÉÌ¡¢¿ÉÅäÖõÄHTTP´íÎ󱨸桢CGI³ÌÐòµÄSetUIDÖ´ÐС¢×Ó½ø³Ì×ÊÔ´¹ÜÀí¡¢·þÎñÆ÷¶ËͼÏóÓ³Éä¡¢ÖØдURL¡¢URLƴд¼ì²éÒÔ¼°Áª»úÊÖ²ámanµÈ¡£Ò²¾ÍÊÇ˵£¬Èç¹ûÄúÔÚLinux ServerÉϳɹ¦°²×°ÅäÖÃÁËApacheÖ®ºó£¬ÄúµÄ¼ÆËã»úÒ²½«Ëæ×ÅApacheµÄÉúЧ¶øÒ¡ÉíÒ»±ä,³ÉΪһ̨Ãû¸±ÆäʵµÄWeb Server£¬ÕâÖֱ仯µÄÈ·ÊǼ¤¶¯ÈËÐĵġ£°éËæ×Å×ÔÓÉÈí¼þ·¢Õ¹µÄÇ¿´ó¶¯Á¦£¬ÎÒÃÇÓÐÀíÓÉÏàÐÅApacheµÄδÀ´ÊÇһƬ¹âÃ÷µÄ¡£
ÔÚInternetʱ´ú£¬ÍⲿÖ÷Ò³µÄ·¢²¼ÒѾ³ÉΪÊ÷Á¢¹«Ë¾ÐÎÏóµÄÒ»¸öÖØÒªÊֶΣ¬¶øÄÚ²¿Ö÷Ò³Ò²³ÉΪ¹«Ë¾¹ÜÀíµÄÖ÷Òª·½Ê½¡£µ«ÊÇ£¬ÒªÏëʵÏÖÕâЩ¹¦ÄÜ£¬Ê×ÏÈÓ¦¸Ã°ÑÎÒÃǵÄLinux ServerÅäÖóÉΪһ̨ǿ´óµÄWeb Server¡£Ê±ÖÁ½ñÈÕ£¬È«ÇòÓ¦ÓÃ×î¹ã·ºµÄWeb·þÎñÆ÷Èí¼þ¾ÍÊÇApache£¬±¾Õ½«Ïêϸ½éÉÜÈçºÎÅäÖÃApache·þÎñÆ÷¡£Ï£Íû¸÷λͬÈÊÄܹ»Í¨¹ýÔĶÁ±¾Æ¬ÎÄÕ´ﵽÀíÂÛʵ¼ùË«·áÊÕµÄÄ¿µÄ£¬Ôں̵ܶÄʱ¼äÀïѸËÙ³ÉΪһÃû³öÉ«µÄÍøÂç¹ÜÀíÔ±¡£
1.2 ËùÐè×ÊÔ´
1.2.1 ËùÐè°ü
RedHat6.2 ·þÎñÆ÷°²×°
1.2.2 ËùÐèÅäÖÃÎļþ
/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf ϵͳ×Ô´ø£¬¹ÜÀíÔ±ÅäÖÃ
/etc/httpd/conf/access.conf ϵͳ×Ô´ø£¬²»ÐèÒªÐÞ¸Ä
/etc/httpd/conf/srm.conf ϵͳ×Ô´ø£¬²»ÐèÒªÐÞ¸Ä
1.3 ÅäÖ÷½°¸
/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
˵Ã÷£ºapacheÖ÷ÅäÖÃÎļþ
Ô´Îļþ£º
ServerType standalone
¡¡¡¡¡¡££¶¨ÒåWebServerµÄÆô¶¯·½Ê½Îªstandalone£¬ÒÔÔöÇ¿Æä¶Ô´óÁ¿·ÃÎʵļ°Ê±ÏìÓ¦ÐÔ
ServerRoot ""/etc/httpd""
¡¡¡¡¡¡££Ö¸¶¨°üº¬httpd·þÎñÆ÷ÎļþµÄĿ¼
LockFile /var/lock/httpd.lock
PidFile /var/run/httpd.pid
ScoreBoardFile /var/run/httpd.scoreboard
Timeout 300
¡¡¡¡¡¡££ÏìÓ¦³¬Ê±Á¿£¬µ¥Î»ÎªÃë
KeepAlive On
¡¡¡¡¡¡££ÔÊÐíÓû§½¨Á¢ÓÀ¾ÃÁ¬½Ó
MaxKeepAliveRequests 100
KeepAliveTimeout 15
MinSpareServers 5
¡¡¡¡¡¡££Òª±£ÁôµÄ¿ÕÏзþÎñÆ÷½ø³ÌµÄ×îСֵ
MaxSpareServers 20
¡¡¡¡¡¡££Òª±£ÁôµÄ¿ÕÏзþÎñÆ÷½ø³ÌµÄ×î´óÖµ
StartServers 8
¡¡¡¡¡¡££ÏµÍ³Æô¶¯Ê±µÄÊØ»¤½ø³ÌÊý
MaxClients 150
¡¡¡¡¡¡££ËùÄÜÌṩ·þÎñµÄ×î´ó¿Í»§¶Ë±àºÅ£¬´óÓÚËüµÄ²¿·Ö±»·ÅÈëÇëÇó¶ÓÁÐ
MaxRequestsPerChild 100
LoadModule vhost_alias_module modules/mod_vhost_alias.so
LoadModule env_module¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ modules/mod_env.so
LoadModule config_log_module¡¡modules/mod_log_config.so
LoadModule agent_log_module¡¡ modules/mod_log_agent.so
LoadModule referer_log_module modules/mod_log_referer.so
LoadModule mime_module¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡modules/mod_mime.so
LoadModule negotiation_module modules/mod_negotiation.so
LoadModule status_module¡¡¡¡¡¡modules/mod_status.so
LoadModule info_module¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡modules/mod_info.so
LoadModule includes_module¡¡¡¡modules/mod_include.so
LoadModule autoindex_module¡¡ modules/mod_autoindex.so
LoadModule dir_module¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ modules/mod_dir.so
LoadModule cgi_module¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ modules/mod_cgi.so
LoadModule asis_module¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡modules/mod_asis.so
LoadModule imap_module¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡modules/mod_imap.so
LoadModule action_module¡¡¡¡¡¡modules/mod_actions.so
LoadModule userdir_module¡¡¡¡ modules/mod_userdir.so
LoadModule alias_module¡¡¡¡¡¡ modules/mod_alias.so
LoadModule rewrite_module¡¡¡¡ modules/mod_rewrite.so
LoadModule access_module¡¡¡¡¡¡modules/mod_access.so
LoadModule auth_module¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡modules/mod_auth.so
LoadModule anon_auth_module¡¡ modules/mod_auth_anon.so
LoadModule db_auth_module¡¡¡¡ modules/mod_auth_db.so
LoadModule digest_module¡¡¡¡¡¡modules/mod_digest.so
LoadModule proxy_module¡¡¡¡¡¡ modules/libproxy.so
LoadModule expires_module¡¡¡¡ modules/mod_expires.so
LoadModule headers_module¡¡¡¡ modules/mod_headers.so
LoadModule usertrack_module¡¡ modules/mod_usertrack.so
LoadModule setenvif_module¡¡¡¡modules/mod_setenvif.so
LoadModule perl_module¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡modules/libperl.so
LoadModule php3_module¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡modules/libphp3.so
ClearModuleList
AddModule mod_vhost_alias.c
AddModule mod_env.c
AddModule mod_log_config.c
AddModule mod_log_agent.c
AddModule mod_log_referer.c
AddModule mod_mime.c
AddModule mod_negotiation.c
AddModule mod_status.c
AddModule mod_info.c
AddModule mod_include.c
AddModule mod_autoindex.c
AddModule mod_dir.c
AddModule mod_cgi.c
AddModule mod_asis.c
AddModule mod_imap.c
AddModule mod_actions.c
#AddModule mod_speling.c
AddModule mod_userdir.c
AddModule mod_alias.c
AddModule mod_rewrite.c
AddModule mod_access.c
AddModule mod_auth.c
AddModule mod_auth_anon.c
AddModule mod_auth_db.c
AddModule mod_digest.c
AddModule mod_proxy.c
AddModule mod_expires.c
AddModule mod_headers.c
AddModule mod_usertrack.c
AddModule mod_so.c
AddModule mod_setenvif.c
AddModule mod_perl.c
AddModule mod_php3.c
Port 80
¡¡¡¡¡¡££¶¨Òå·þÎñÆ÷ËùʹÓõÄTCPµÄ¶Ë¿ÚºÅ
User nobody
Group nobody
¡¡¡¡¡¡££ÒÔÉÏÁ½ÐÐÊÇ·ÖÅä¸øhttpdµÄÐÂÓû§µÄÎļþȨÏÞ£¬³öÓÚ°²È«µÄ¿¼ÂÇ°Ñ
¡¡¡¡¡¡ËüÃǵÄȨÏÞÉèÖóÉΪ×îµÍ¡£
ServerAdmin
[email protected]
¡¡¡¡¡¡££ÉèÖÃWeb¹ÜÀíÔ±µÄÓʼþµØÖ·
ServerName WebOA
¡¡¡¡¡¡££¶¨Òå¿Í»§¶Ë´Ó·þÎñÆ÷¶ÁÈ¡Êý¾Ýʱ·µ»Ø¸ø¿Í»§¶ËµÄÖ÷»úÃû£¬Æäȱʡֵ
¡¡¡¡¡¡ÊÇlocalhost£¬µÚÒ»´Î°²×°LinuxµÄʱºò¾³£ÕâÀï³ö´í¡£
DocumentRoot ""/home/weboa/jakarta-tomcat/webapps/weboa""
¡¡¡¡¡¡££ÉèÖÃËùÓÐApacheÎĵµµÄ¸ùĿ¼£¬±ÈÈç˵£¬Óû§¶Ô
¡¡¡¡¡¡http://www.weboa.com.cn/index.htmlµÄ·ÃÎÊÇëÇó£¬Apache¶ÔËü
¡¡¡¡¡¡µÄÏìÓ¦ÊÇ/home/weboa/jakarta-tomcat/webapps/weboa/index.html
¡¡¡¡¡¡Options FollowSymLinks
¡¡¡¡¡¡AllowOverride None
¡¡¡¡¡¡Options Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks
¡¡¡¡¡¡AllowOverride None
¡¡¡¡¡¡Order allow,deny
¡¡¡¡¡¡Allow from all¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡# ÔÊÐíËùÓÐÈË·ÃÎÊ
UserDir public_html
DirectoryIndex index.html index.htm index.shtml index.cgi
¡¡¡¡¡¡££ÉèÖöàÖֳɹ¦·ÃÎÊÖ÷Ò³µÄ·½Ê½,ΪµÄÊÇÌá¸ßϵͳµÄÈÝ´íÐÔ
AccessFileName .htaccess
¡¡¡¡¡¡Order allow,deny
¡¡¡¡¡¡Deny from all
UseCanonicalName On
TypesConfig /etc/mime.types
DefaultType text/plain
¡¡¡¡¡¡MIMEMagicFile share/magic
HostnameLookups Off
ErrorLog /usr/httpd/log/error_log
LogLevel warn
¡¡¡¡¡¡££¶¨ÒåÄÇЩ´íÎóÀàÐͱ»¼Ç¼µ½´íÎóÈÕÖ¾ÖÐ
LogFormat ""%h %l %u %t ""%r"" %>s %b ""%{Referer}i"" ""%{User-Agent}i"""" combined
¡¡¡¡¡¡££ËùÓеÄLogFormat¶¼ÓÃÀ´¶¨ÒåÈÕÖ¾ÖеÄÌõÄ¿
LogFormat ""%h %l %u %t ""%r"" %>s %b"" common
LogFormat ""%{Referer}i -> %U"" referer
LogFormat ""%{User-agent}i"" agent
CustomLog /usr/httpd/log/access_log common
ServerSignature On
Alias /icons/ ""/home/httpd/icons/""
#¶¨ÒåÐéÄâÖ÷»úĿ¼ÓëϵͳĿ¼µÄ¶ÔÓ¦¹Øϵ
¡¡¡¡¡¡Options Indexes MultiViews
¡¡¡¡¡¡AllowOverride None
¡¡¡¡¡¡Order allow,deny
¡¡¡¡¡¡Allow from all
ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ ""/home/httpd/cgi-bin/""
#¶¨ÒåCGIĿ¼
¡¡¡¡¡¡AllowOverride None
¡¡¡¡¡¡Options ExecCGI
¡¡¡¡¡¡Order allow,deny
¡¡¡¡¡¡Allow from all
IndexOptions FancyIndexing
AddIconByEncoding (CMP,/icons/compressed.gif) x-compress x-gzip
AddIconByType (TXT,/icons/text.gif) text/*
AddIconByType (IMG,/icons/image2.gif) image/*
AddIconByType (SND,/icons/sound2.gif) audio/*
AddIconByType (VID,/icons/movie.gif) video/*
AddIcon /icons/binary.gif .bin .exe
AddIcon /icons/binhex.gif .hqx
AddIcon /icons/tar.gif .tar
AddIcon /icons/world2.gif .wrl .wrl.gz .vrml .vrm .iv
AddIcon /icons/compressed.gif .Z .z .tgz .gz .zip
AddIcon /icons/a.gif .ps .ai .eps
AddIcon /icons/layout.gif .html .shtml .htm .pdf
AddIcon /icons/text.gif .txt
AddIcon /icons/c.gif .c
AddIcon /icons/p.gif .pl .py
AddIcon /icons/f.gif .for
AddIcon /icons/dvi.gif .dvi
AddIcon /icons/uuencoded.gif .uu
AddIcon /icons/script.gif .conf .sh .shar .csh .ksh .tcl
AddIcon /icons/tex.gif .tex
AddIcon /icons/bomb.gif core
AddIcon /icons/back.gif ..
AddIcon /icons/hand.right.gif README
AddIcon /icons/folder.gif ^^DIRECTORY^^
AddIcon /icons/blank.gif ^^BLANKICON^^
DefaultIcon /icons/unknown.gif
ReadmeName README
HeaderName HEADER
AddEncoding x-compress Z
AddEncoding x-gzip gz tgz
AddLanguage en .en
AddLanguage fr .fr
AddLanguage de .de
AddLanguage da .da
AddLanguage el .el
AddLanguage it .it
LanguagePriority en fr de
¡¡¡¡¡¡AddType application/x-httpd-php3 .php3
¡¡¡¡¡¡AddType application/x-httpd-php3-source .phps
¡¡¡¡¡¡AddType application/x-httpd-php .phtml
AddType application/x-tar .tgz
AddType text/html .shtml
AddHandler server-parsed .shtml
AddHandler imap-file map
BrowserMatch ""RealPlayer 4.0"" force-response-1.0
BrowserMatch ""Java/1.0"" force-response-1.0
BrowserMatch ""JDK/1.0"" force-response-1.0
¡¡¡¡¡¡Alias /perl/ /home/httpd/perl/
¡¡¡¡¡¡SetHandler perl-script
¡¡¡¡¡¡PerlHandler Apache::Registry
¡¡¡¡¡¡Options +ExecCGI
Alias /doc/ /usr/doc/
¡¡¡¡¡¡order deny,allow
¡¡¡¡¡¡deny from all
¡¡¡¡¡¡allow from localhost
¡¡¡¡¡¡Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
include /etc/httpd/conf/tomcat-apache.conf
Alias /netcard ""/home/weboa/jakarta-tomcat/webapps/weboa/net_card""
¡¡¡¡¡¡Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
¡¡¡¡¡¡allow from all
CacheSize 5
££¶¨Ò建´æÇø´óС£¬ÒÔKBΪµ¥Î»¡£¿ÉÒÔ¸ù¾ÝÐèÒªºÍÓ²ÅÌ¿Õ¼ä´óС½øÐÐÉèÖÃ
CacheGcInterval 4
££Ã¿¸ô4Сʱ¼ì²é»º´æÇø£¬Èç¹ûÒѾ³¬¹ýCacheSize¾Íɾ³ýÎļþ
CacheMaxExpire 24
££HTTPÎļþ×î¶à±»±£³Ö24Сʱ
CacheLastModifiedFactor 0.1
££¶¨ÒåHTTPÎļþʧЧÆÚ£¬È±Ê¡ÊÇ0.1 £¬Òâ˼ÊÇ˵ʧЧÆÚ=Àë×î½üÒ»´ÎÐ޸ĵÄʱ¼äX
,±ÈÈçÀë×î½üÒ»´ÎÐ޸ĵÄʱ¼äÊÇ5Сʱ£¬ÄÇôʧЧÆÚ¾ÍÊÇ5X0.1=0.5Сʱ
CacheDefaultExpire 1
££ÕâÒ»Ö¸ÁîÌṩһ¸öȱʡµÄʱ¼ä£¨Ð¡Ê±£©À´Ïú»Ù»º´æµÄÎļþ£¬ÕâЩÎļþµÄ×îºó¸ü¸Äʱ¼ä²»Ïê¡£CacheMaxExpire ÃüÁî²»¸²¸ÇÕâÒ»ÉèÖÃ
## ÒÔÏÂÊÇÈçºÎ¶ÔÒ»¸öĿ¼½øÐеǽ¿ØÖƵķ½·¨ ##
ÔÚ/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.confÖÐÌí¼ÓÒÔÏÂÄÚÈÝ£º
Alias /weboa/ ""/home/weboa/""
¡¡¡¡¡¡Options Indexes MultiViews
¡¡¡¡¡¡AllowOverride authconfig
¡¡¡¡¡¡Order allow,deny
¡¡¡¡¡¡Allow from all
ÔÚ/home/weboaĿ¼Ï½¨Á¢.htaccessÎļþ
¡¡¡¡¡¡authname ""shared files""
¡¡¡¡¡¡authtype basic
¡¡¡¡¡¡authuserfile /etc/httpd/conf/passwd
require valid-user
ÔÚ/etc/httpd/confĿ¼ÏÂÖ´ÐÐÃüÁîÉú³ÉÈÏÖ¤Îļþ
htpasswd -c thj thj #´´½¨ÈÏÖ¤ÎļþºÍµÚÒ»¸öÃûºÍÃÜÂë
htpasswd weboa weboa #Ìí¼ÓÆäËûÓû§ÃûºÍÃÜÂë
### ÒÔÏÂÊÇ×öÐéÄâÖ÷»úµÄʵÏÖ·½·¨ ###
ÐèÒªÔÚ/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.confÖÐÌí¼ÓÏÂÁÐÄÚÈÝ£º
Alias /webadmin/ ""/home/weboa/webadmin/html/""
¡¡¡¡¡¡Options Indexes MultiViews
¡¡¡¡¡¡AllowOverride None
¡¡¡¡¡¡Order allow,deny
¡¡¡¡¡¡Allow from all
NameVirtualHost 192.168.0.1 #ÐéÄâÓòÃûµÄDNS·þÎñÆ÷
ServerAdmin [email protected] #Íø¹ÜÓʼþµØÖ·
DocumentRoot /home/weboa/webadmin/html/ #·þÎñÆ÷Ò³ÃæĿ¼
ServerName webadmin.weboa.com.cn #·þÎñÆ÷Ãû³Æ
ÐèÒªÔÚ/var/named/name2ip.confÖÐÌí¼ÓµÄÄÚÈÝ£º
webadmin¡¡¡¡¡¡IN¡¡¡¡¡¡A¡¡¡¡¡¡192.168.0.1
1.4 ²âÊÔ¼°¹ÜÀí°ì·¨
1.4.1 ²âÊÔ·½·¨
1.ÿµ±¹ÜÀíÔ±¸ü¸ÄÁËApacheµÄÉèÖÃÖ®ºó£¬¶¼Ó¦Ö´ÐÐ /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd restartʹµÃ¸ü¸ÄÉúЧ¡£
1.4.2 ¹ÜÀí·½·¨
1£® ApacheÌṩ´óÁ¿µÄÈÕÖ¾Îļþ£¬µ±Apache³ö´íµÄʱºò£¬¹ÜÀíÔ±¿ÉÒÔ¸ù¾Ýhtppd.confÖеÄErrorLog¶¨ÒåµÄ·¾¶À´Õï¶Ï¡£¾ßÌå·½·¨ÊÇ£º
tail -f /var/log/httpd/apache/error_log
1.5 С ½á
Web·þÎñÊÇInternet·þÎñÆ÷×î»ù±¾µÄ·þÎñ£¬Linux·¢ÐаæÖаüº¬µÄApacheÈí¼þÊÇÐÔÄÜÓÅÁ¼µÄWeb·þÎñÆ÷£¬Ò²ÊÇInternetÉÏ×îÁ÷ÐеÄWeb·þÎñÆ÷£¬ÓÉÓÚËüʱ¿Ì¶¼¾Àú×ÅÎÞÊýʹÓÃÕߵIJâÊÔ£¬ËùÒÔÏÖÐеÄApacheµÄĬÈÏÑ¡ÏîÒѾÊÇÊ®·ÖÊʺÏÎÒÃÇ´ó¼ÒµÄÁË£¬ÄãÖ»ÐèÒª¸ü¸ÄÆäÖм¸¸öÓ뵱ǰӦÓû·¾³½ôÃÜÏà¹ØµÄÑ¡Ïî¾Í¿ÉÒÔ´ïµ½ÄãµÄÄ¿µÄÁË¡£