µ±Ç°Î»ÖãºLinux½Ì³Ì - LinuxÒµ½ç - ÖÐСÆóÒµ·þÎñÆ÷ÅäÖ÷½°¸ µÚÒ»ÕÂ(5)

ÖÐСÆóÒµ·þÎñÆ÷ÅäÖ÷½°¸ µÚÒ»ÕÂ(5)

×÷ Õߣº ÌÀº£¾©


( E-mail:[email protected] )

µÚÒ»Õ ´úÀí½ÓÈë·þÎñÆ÷

µÚÎå½Ú Squid´úÀí·þÎñÆ÷


5.1 ¼ò½é

¡¡×÷ΪһÖÖÃâ·ÑµÄÍøÂç²Ù×÷ϵͳ£¬LinuxÔ½À´Ô½Êܵ½¹ã´óÍøÂç°®ºÃÕߵĻ¶Ó­£¬Ä¿Ç°ÒòÌØÍø£¨Internet£©ÉÏÔËÐеÄÖ÷»úÓÐÏ൱һ²¿·Ö²ÉÓõľÍÊÇlinux²Ù×÷ϵͳ£¬¶øÇÒÖйúÒѾ­°Ñlinux²Ù×÷ϵͳ×÷ΪÕþ¸®ÉÏÍøÄêµÄÖ¸¶¨ÍøÂç²Ù×÷ϵͳ£¬ÖÖÖÖ¼£Ïó±íÃ÷£¬linux²Ù×÷ϵͳÕýÔÚÖð½¥×ßÏò³ÉÊì¡£ÔÚ±¾ÕÂÎÒ½«Ïò´ó¼Ò½éÉÜÒ»ÖÖÄÜÔÚLinuxϵͳÏÂʹÓõıȽÏÓÅÐãµÄ´úÀí·þÎñÆ÷Èí¼þµÄÅäÖ÷½·¨¡£

ÖÚËùÖÜÖª£¬µ±½ñÒòÌØÍø·¢Õ¹Ëٶȼ«ÆäѸÃÍ£¬IPµØÖ·×ÊÔ´·Ç³£½ôÕÅ¡£¶øÈç¹ûÄúÏë·ÃÎÊÒòÌØÍø£¬¹²ÏíÒòÌØÍøµÄ·á¸»×ÊÔ´£¬ÄúµÄ»úÆ÷±ØÐëÓµÓÐÒ»¸ö±ê×¼µÄIPµØÖ·¡£ÔÚÒòÌØÍøÉÏ£¬IPµØÖ·ÊÇʶ±ðÄúµÄ»úÆ÷µÄΨһ±êÖ¾¡£Ä¿Ç°£¬ÓÐÁ½ÖÖ·½Ê½¿ÉÒÔÈÃÄúµÄ»úÆ÷ÓµÓбê×¼µÄIPµØÖ·£ºÒ»ÖÖÊǾÖÓòÍøͨ¹ýרÏß½ÓÈëÒòÌØÍø£¬ÄúµÄ»úÆ÷¿ÉÒÔÓµÓо²Ì¬µÄIPµØÖ·¡£Ëùν¾²Ì¬IPµØÖ·£¬¾ÍÊǶÔʹÓÃÕßÀ´Ëµ£¬Êǹ̶¨²»±äµÄIPµØÖ·£¬Õâ¸öIPµØÖ·¸øÄúʹÓúó£¬ÆäËûÈ˾Ͳ»ÄÜÔÙÓÃÁË¡£Ò»ÖÖÊÇͨ¹ýµç»°Ïß²¦ºÅ»òISDN²¦ºÅµÈ·½Ê½½ÓÈëÒòÌØÍø£¬ÄúµÄ»úÆ÷¿ÉÒÔÔÚÄú²¦ºÅÉÏÍøµÄÔÚÏßÆÚ¼ä´ÓISPµÄ·ÃÎÊ·þÎñÆ÷µÄIPµØÖ·³ØÖлñµÃÒ»¸öÁÙʱµÄ±ê×¼IPµØÖ·£¬Õâ¸öIPµØÖ·ÔÚÄúÏÂÏߺó¾Í²»¹éÄúʹÓÃÁË£¬¶øÄúÏ´β¦ºÅÔÙÉÏÍø£¬ºÜ¿ÉÄÜ·ÖÅä¸øÄúµÄ»úÆ÷µÄÊÇÁíÍâÒ»¸öÁÙʱµÄIPµØÖ·ÁË¡£ÕâÖÖÁÙʱ·ÖÅäµÄIPµØÖ·£¬³ÆΪ¶¯Ì¬IPµØÖ·¡£ÎÞÂÛÊǾ²Ì¬µØÖ·»¹ÊǶ¯Ì¬µØÖ·£¬ÔÚÄúµÄ»úÆ÷·ÃÎÊÒòÌØÍøʱ£¬Ê¹ÓÃÆðÀ´Ã»ÓÐʲôÇø±ð¡£

¡¡ÏÖÔÚÒòÌØÍø·¢Õ¹ËÙ¶ÈÕâô¿ì£¬¶øIPµØÖ·×ÊÔ´ÓÖÕâô½ôÕÅ£¬Õâ²»Äܲ»ËµÊÇÒ»¸ö¼âÈñµÄì¶Ü¡£Ëä˵Ipv6ÕýÔÚ¿ª·¢ÖУ¬µ«Ô¶Ë®²»½â½ü¿Ê£¬ºÃ¶àµÄÆóÒµ¡¢¹«Ë¾ÄÚ²¿µÄIntranetÏÖÔÚ¾ÍÏë½ÓÈëÒòÌØÍøÕâ¸öºÆ嫵Ä×ÊÔ´º£Ñ󣬵«ÓÖ¿àÓÚûÓгä×ãµÄIPµØÖ·×ÊÔ´£¬Ôõô°ì£¿»¹ºÃ£¬ÓдúÀí·þÎñÕâ¸öºÃ¶«Î÷¡£´úÀí·þÎñÊÇÖ¸ÓÉһ̨ӵÓбê×¼IPµØÖ·µÄ»úÆ÷´úÌæÈô¸ÉûÓбê×¼IPµØÖ·£¨ÒÔϳÆÄÚ²¿µØÖ·£©µÄ»úÆ÷ºÍÒòÌØÍøÉϵÄÆäËûÖ÷»ú´ò½»µÀ£¬Ìṩ´úÀí·þÎñµÄÕą̂»úÆ÷³ÆΪ´úÀí·þÎñÆ÷¡£ÓµÓÐÄÚ²¿µØÖ·µÄ»úÆ÷Ïëµ½ÒòÌØÍøÉϲéÕÒ×ÊÁÏʱ£¬ÏÈ°ÑÕâ¸öÇëÇ󷢸øÓµÓбê×¼IPµØÖ·µÄ´úÀí·þÎñÆ÷£¬ÓÉ´úÀí·þÎñÆ÷°ÑÕâ¸öÇëÇóͨ¹ýËüµÄ±ê×¼IPµØÖ··¢µ½ÇëÇóµÄÄ¿±êµØÖ·¡£È»ºóÄ¿±êµØÖ·µÄ·þÎñÆ÷°Ñ·µ»ØµÄ½á¹û·¢»Ø¸ø´úÀí·þÎñÆ÷£¬´úÀí·þÎñÆ÷ÔÙÔ­·â²»¶¯µÄ°Ñ×ÊÁÏ·¢¸ø×î³õÄÇ̨ӵÓÐÄÚ²¿IPµØÖ·µÄ»úÆ÷¡£ÕâÑù¾ÍÍê³ÉÁËÒ»´ÎÄÚ²¿»úÆ÷·ÃÎÊÒòÌØÍøµÄÒ»¸ö¹ý³Ì¡£Èô¸ÉÓµÓÐÄÚ²¿µØÖ·µÄ»úÆ÷¾Í×é³ÉÁËÄÚ²¿Íø£¬´úÀí·þÎñÆ÷µÄ×÷ÓþÍÊǹ´Í¨ÄÚ²¿ÍøºÍÒòÌØÍø£¬½â¾öÄÚ²¿Íø·ÃÎÊÒòÌØÍøµÄÎÊÌâ¡£¶øÇÒÕâÖÖ´úÀíÊDz»¿ÉÄæµÄ£¬ÒòÌØÍøÉϵÄÖ÷»ú²»ÄÜ·ÃÎÊÈκÎһ̨ӵÓÐÄÚ²¿µØÖ·µÄ»úÆ÷£¬ÕâÑùÓÖ¿ÉÒÔ±£ÕÏÄÚ²¿×ÊÁϵݲȫÐÔ¡£

Äܹ»Íê³ÉÕâÖÖ´úÀí¹¦ÄܵķþÎñÆ÷Èí¼þÓкö࣬ÎÒ¸ø´ó¼ÒÍƼöÒ»ÖÖÄÜÔÚlinuxÏÂʹÓõıȽÏÓÅÐãµÄ´úÀí·þÎñÆ÷Èí¼þSquid¡£Ö®ËùÒÔ˵Ëü±È½ÏÓÅÐ㣬ÊÇÒòΪËü¿ÉÒÔÔÚ´úÀí·þÎñÆ÷ÉÏ×÷Ò»¸öºÜ´óµÄ»º´æ£¬¿ÉÒ԰ѺöೣȥµÄÍøÕ¾ÄÚÈÝ´æ´¢µ½»º´æÖУ¬ÕâÑù£¬ÄÚ²¿ÍøµÄ»úÆ÷ÔÙ·ÃÎÊÄÇЩÍøÕ¾£¬¾Í¿ÉÒÔ´Ó»º´æÀïµ÷ÓÃÁË¡£ÕâÑùÒ»·½Ãæ¿ÉÒÔ¼Ó¿ìÄÚ²¿Íøä¯ÀÀÒòÌØÍøµÄËٶȣ¬Õâ¾ÍÊÇËùνµÄÌá¸ß¿Í»§»úµÄ·ÃÎÊÃüÖÐÂÊ£¬ ÁíÒ»·½Ã棬Squid²»½ö½öÖ§³ÖHTTPЭÒ飬¶øÇÒ»¹Ö§³ÖFTP,GOPHER,SSLºÍWAISµÈЭÒ鿼Âǵ½¼ò½ÝʵÓõÄÔ­Ôò£¬ÎÒÃDZ¾ÕÂÖ»Ïò´ó¼Ò½éÉÜÈçºÎÉèÖÃHTTP´úÀí£¬¶øÆäËûµÄ´úÀí´óͬСÒ죬¸÷λÀí½âÁËHTTPµÄÅäÖÃÒ²¾ÍÃ÷°×Ó¦¸ÃÈçºÎÅäÖÃÆäËûµÄ´úÀíÁË¡£


5.2 ËùÐè×ÊÔ´

5.2.1 ËùÐè°ü
squid-2.3.STABLE1-5.rpm

5.2.2 ËùÐèÅäÖÃÎļþ
/etc/squid/squid.conf ϵͳ×Ô´ø£¬¹ÜÀíÔ±ÅäÖÃ

5.2.3 Ïà¹Ø¹¤¾ß
ÎÞ


5.3 ÅäÖ÷½°¸

/etc/squid/squid.conf
˵Ã÷£ºsquidÖ÷ÅäÖÃÎļþ
Ô´Îļþ£º

acl deny_ip_01 dst 1.1.1.1
http_access deny deny_ip_01
# ÒÔÉÏÁ½ÐÐÊÇ»ùÓÚIPµÄ·ÃÎÊ¿ØÖÆ
acl deny_url_01 url_regex http://www.www.www
http_access deny deny_url_01
# ÒÔÉÏÁ½ÐÐÊÇ»ùÓÚURLµÄ·ÃÎÊ¿ØÖÆ
http_port 3128 # HTTPЭÒé´úÀíĬÈÏ´úÀí¶Ë¿Ú
cache_mem 32 MB #¿ªÅüÒ»¿éÄÚ´æÇøÓò×÷Ϊ»º³å
cache_dir ufs /home/squid/cache 1024 16 256
# ¿ªÅüÒ»¿éÓ²Å̿ռ䣬×÷ΪӲÅÌ»º³åÇø£¬Õâ¿éÇøÓòµÄ·Ö²¼ÊÇÁ¬
ÐøµÄ£¬Âß¼­¹ØϵÓɹÜÀíÔ±É趨
cache_access_log /var/log/squid/access.log
# ¸ÃlogÎļþÊÇÓÃÀ´ÃèÊöÿ´Î¿Í»§ÇëÇóHTTPÄÚÈÝʱ£¬¸ßËÙ»º
´æÃüÖлòδÃüÖеÄÏîÄ¿¡£Í¬Ê±ÃèÊöÌá³öÇëÇóµÄÖ÷»úÉí·Ý¼°Ëü
ÃÇËùÐèµÄÄÚÈÝ¡£
cache_log /var/log/squid/cache.log
££ÓÃÓÚÃèÊöµ±squidÊØ»¤½ø³ÌÆô¶¯Ê±£¬¿É¿´µ½ÓжàÉÙÄÚ´æ¡¢½»
»»¿Õ¼ä£¬¸ßËÙ»º´æĿ¼µÄλÖã¬Ëù½ÓÊܵÄÁ¬½ÓÀàÐͼ°½ÓÊÜÁ¬
½ÓµÄ¶Ë¿Ú¡£
cache_store_log /var/log/squid/store.log
££ÓÃÓÚÃèÊöÒ³Ãæ´Ó¸ßËÙ»º´æÖб»µ÷Èëµ÷³öµÄÇé¿ö¡£
pid_filename /var/run/squid.pid
££¹ÜÀíÔ±¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ý²é¿´´ËÎļþÁ˽⵱ǰִÐеÄsquid½ø³Ì¡£
dns_nameservers 192.168.0.1
££¶¨ÒåÓòÃû½âÎö·þÎñÆ÷µÄµØÖ·
acl all src 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0
cache_mgr [email protected]
££ÉèÖÃcache¹ÜÀíÔ±µÄÓʼþÏäµØÖ·
reference_age 3 days
££ÉèÖûº³åÇøµÄ¸üÐÂÖÜÆÚ
maximum_object_size 4096 KB
££ÉèÖÃÔÊÐí±»»º´æµÄÒ»´ÎÐÔ×î´óÇëÇó


5.4 ²âÊÔ¼°¹ÜÀí°ì·¨

5.4.1 ²âÊÔ·½·¨
1. ÔÚ¿Í»§»úÏ´ò¿ªä¯ÀÀÆ÷£¬ÉèÖúôúÀí·þÎñÆ÷£¬¶Ë¿ÚÊÇ3128£¬¿´¿´Äܲ»ÄÜÉÏÍø¾ÍÊÇÀ­¡£

5.4.2 ¹ÜÀí·½·¨
1.ÐÞ¸ÄÍêÅäÖÃÎļþÐèÒªÖ´ÐÐ/etc/rc.d/init.d/squid restartʹµÃÅäÖÃÉúЧ¡£


5.7 С½á

¿´Íê±¾ÕÂÖ®ºó£¬ÎÒÏë¸÷λһ¶¨ÓиöÉîÇеĸÐÊÜ£¬squidµÄÅäÖÃÎļþÊ®·ÖµÄ³¤£¬¶øÇÒÄܸɵÄÊÂÇéʵÔÚÊÇÌ«¶àÁË£¬µ«ÊÇÎÒÃÇ×÷ΪһÃûºÏ¸ñµÄ¹ÜÀíÔ±Ó¦¸Ã´ÓÐèÇó·½°¸³ö·¢£¬ÒÔ¿Í»§µÄÐèÇóΪµ¼Ïò£¬ÅäÖóöÎÒÃÇ×Ô¼ºÐèÒªµÄ·þÎñÆ÷£¬ÕâÑù²»µ«¿ÉÒÔÂú×ãÐèÒª£¬»¹ÄÜ´ó´ó¼õÉÙÎÒÃǵŤ×÷Á¿£¬ÅäÖÃsquid¾ÍÊÇÒ»¸öÏÊÃ÷µÄÀý×Ó¡£